| No:1182 - obesity | | (L. obesus fat) an increase in body weight beyond the limitation of skeletal and physical requirement, as the result of an excessive accumulation of fat in the body. |
| No:1183 - objective | | (L. objectivus) 1. perceptible to the external senses. 2. the lens or system of lenses in a microscope (or telescope) that is nearest to the object under examination. |
| No:1184 - observation | | an act or the faculty of observing or taking notice : an act of seeing or fixing the mind upon something; an act of recognizing and noting measurement of some magnitude with suitable instruments. |
| No:1185 - obsession | | (L. obsessio) a recurrent, persistent thought, image, or impulse that is unwanted and distressing (ego-dystonic) and comes involuntarily to mind despite attempts to ignore or suppress it. Common obsessions involve thoughts of violence, contamination, and self-doubt. |
| No:1186 - obstetric, obstetrical | | (L. obstetricius) pertaining to obstetrics (= branch of surgery that deals with pregnancy, labour and puerperium. |
| No:1187 - obstipation | | (L. obstipatio) intractable constipation. |
| No:1188 - obstruction | | (L. obstructio) 1. the act of blocking or clogging. 2. the state or condition of being clogged. |
| No:1189 - occasional | | appearing or occurring irregularly and according to no fixed or certain scheme. |
| No:1190 - occlusion | | (L. occlusio) 1. the act of closure or state of being closed. 2. the relationship between all of the components of the masticatory system in normal function, dysfunction, and parafunction. 3. momentary complete closure of some area in the vocal tract, causing stoppage of the breath and accumulation of pressure. |
| No:1191 - occult | | obscure; concealed from observation, difficult to understand. |
| No:1192 - ocular | | (L. ocularis, from oculus eye) 1. of, pertaining to, or affecting the eye. 2. eyepiece. |
| No:1193 - oculogyric | | pertaining to, characterized by, or causing oculogyration (circular movements of the eyeballs, as in an oculogyric crisis). |
| No:1194 - oculomucocutaneous | | pertaining to or affecting the mucous membrane and the skin around the eyes. |
| No:1195 - odour | | a volatile emanation that is perceived by the sense of smell. |
| No:1196 - oedema | | (Gr. oidema swelling) the presence of abnormally large amounts of fluid in the intercellular tissue spaces of the body; usually applied to demonstrable accumulation of excessive fluid in the subcutaneous tissues. Edema may be localized, due to venous or lymphatic obstruction or to increased vascular permeability, or it may be systemic due to heart failure or renal disease. Collections of edema fluid are designated according to the site, e.g. ascites (peritoneal cavity), hydrothorax (pleural cavity), and hydropericardium (pericardial sac). Massive generalized edema is called anasarca. |
| No:1197 - oesophagitis | | (esophagus + -itis) inflammation of the esophagus. |
| No:1198 - oestrogen | | a generic term for oestrus-producing steroid compounds; the female sex hormones. In humans, oestrogen is formed in the ovary, possibly the adrenal cortex, the testis, and the foetoplacental unit; it has various functions in both sexes. It is responsible for the development of the female secondary sex characteristics, and during the menstrual cycle it acts on the female genitalia to produce an environment suitable for the fertilization, implantation, and nutrition of the early embryo. Oestrogen is used in oral contraceptives and as a palliative in cancer of the breast after menopause and cancer of the prostate; other uses include the relief of the discomforts of menopause, inhibition of lactation, and treatment of osteoporosis, threatened abortion, and various functional ovarian disorders. |
| No:1199 - oligoelement | | a chemical substance, minute amounts of which can be found in living organisms. |
| No:1200 - oligomenorrhoea | | (oligo- + Gr. mn month + rhoia flow) markedly diminished menstrual flow; relative amenorrhea. |
| No:1201 - oliguria | | (oligo- + Gr. ouron urine + -ia) secretion of a diminished amount of urine in relation to the fluid intake. Called also hypouresis and oligouresis. |
| No:1202 - oncolytic | | pertaining to, characterized by, or causing oncolysis (= the lysis or destruction of tumour cells). |
| No:1203 - oncotic | | pertaining to, caused by, or marked by swelling. |
| No:1204 - oophorectomy | | (oophor- + Gr. ektom excision) the removal of an ovary or ovaries; called also ovariectomy. |
| No:1205 - opalescent | | showing a milky iridescence, like an opal. |
| No:1206 - ophthalmic | | pertaining to the eye. |
| No:1207 - ophthalmologic | | pertaining to ophthalmology (= the branch of medicine dealing with the eye). |
| No:1208 - opiate | | a remedy containing or derived from opium; also any drug that induces sleep. |
| No:1209 - opisthotonos | | (opistho- + Gr. tonos tension) a form of spasm in which the head and the heels are bent backward and the body bowed forward. |
| No:1210 - opportunistic | | 1. denoting a microorganism that does not ordinarily cause disease but that, under certain circumstances (e.g. impaired immune responses resulting from other disease or drug treatment), becomes pathogenic. 2. denoting a disease or infection caused by such an organism. |
| No:1211 - optic | | (Gr. optikos of or for sight) of or pertaining to the eye. |
| No:1212 - optimal | | the best; the most favourable. |
| No:1213 - oral | | pertaining to the mouth, taken through or applied in the mouth, as an oral medication or an oral thermometer. |
| No:1214 - orbital | | pertaining to the orbit (= the bony cavity that contains the eyeball). |
| No:1215 - orchitis | | (orchio- + -itis) inflammation of a testis. The disease is marked by pain, swelling, and a feeling of weight. It may occur idiopathically, or it may be associated with conditions such as mumps, gonorrhoea, filarial disease, syphilis, or tuberculosis. |
| No:1216 - organism | | any individual living thing, whether animal or plant. |
| No:1217 - orgasm | | (Gr. orgasmos swelling, or organ to swell, to be lustful) the apex and culmination of sexual excitement. |
| No:1218 - orientation | | awareness of one's environment, with reference to p lace, time, and people. |
| No:1219 - orofacial | | of or relating to the mouth and face. |
| No:1220 - orthopaedic | | (ortho- + Gr. pais child) pertaining to the correction of deformities of the musculoskeletal system; pertaining to orthopaedics. |
| No:1221 - orthostatic | | (ortho- + Gr. statikos causing to stand) pertaining to or caused by standing erect. |
| No:1222 - osmolality | | the concentration of osmotically active particles in solution expressed in terms of osmoles of solute per kilogram of solvent. The osmolality is directly proportional to the colligative properties of solutions; osmotic pressure, boiling point elevation, freezing point depression, and vapour pressure lowering. |
| No:1223 - osmolarity | | the concentration of osmotically active particles expressed in terms of osmoles of solute per litre of solution. |
| No:1224 - osmotic | | pertaining to or of the nature of osmosis (= the passage of pure solvent from a solution of lesser to one of greater solute concentration when the two solutions are separated by a membrane which selectively prevents the passage of solute molecules, but is permeable to the solvent). |
| No:1225 - ossicle | | (L. ossiculum) a small bone. |
| No:1226 - ossification | | (L. ossificatio) the formation of bone or of a bony substance; the conversion of fibrous tissue or of cartilage into bone or a bony substance. |
| No:1227 - osteoarthritis | | (osteo- + Gr. arthron joint + -itis) noninflammatory degenerative joint disease occurring chiefly in older persons, characterized by degeneration of the articular cartilage, hypertrophy of bone at the margins, and changes in the synovial membrane. It is accompanied by pain and stiffness, particularly after prolonged activity. |
| No:1228 - osteodystrophy | | defective bone formation. |
| No:1229 - osteolysis | | (osteo- + Gr. lysis dissolution) dissolution of bone; applied especially to the removal or loss of the calcium of bone. |
| No:1230 - osteomalacia | | (osteo- + Gr. malakia softness) a condition marked by softening of the bones (due to impaired mineralization, with excess accumulation of osteoid), with pain, tenderness, muscular weakness, anorexia, and loss of weight, resulting from deficiency of vitamin D and calcium. |
| No:1231 - osteomyelitis | | (osteo- + Gr. myelos marrow) inflammation of bone caused by a pyogenic organism. It may remain localized or may spread through the bone to involve the marrow, cortex, cancellous tissue, and periosteum. |
| No:1232 - osteoporosis | | (osteo- + Gr. poros passage + -osis) reduction in the amount of bone mass, leading to fractures after minimal trauma. |
| No:1233 - osteotomy | | (osteo- + Gr. temnein to cut) the surgical cutting of a bone. |
| No:1234 - otitis | | (ot- + -itis) inflammation of the ear, which may be marked by pain, fever, abnormalities of hearing, hearing loss, tinnitus, and vertigo. |
| No:1235 - otorhinolaryngology | | (oto- + Gr. rhis nose + larynx larynx + -logy) that branch of medicine concerned with medical and surgical treatment of the head and neck, including the ears, nose and throat. |
| No:1236 - otorrhea | | (oto- + Gr. rhoia to flow) a discharge from the ear, especially a purulent one. |
| No:1237 - otosclerosis | | (oto- + Gr. sklrosis hardening) a pathological condition of the bony labyrinth of the ear, in which there is formation of spongy bone (otospongiosis), especially in front of and posterior to the footplate of the stapes; it may cause bony ankylosis of the stapes, resulting in conductive hearing loss. Cochlear otosclerosis may also develop, resulting in sensorineural hearing loss. |
| No:1238 - ototoxic | | having a deleterious effect upon the eighth nerve, or upon the organs of hearing and balance. |
| No:1239 - ovarian | | pertaining to an ovary or ovaries (= female gonad). |
| No:1240 - overdosage | | 1. the administration of an excessive dose. 2. the condition resulting from an excessive dose. |
| No:1241 - overdose | | 1. to administer an excessive dose. 2. an excessive dose. |
| No:1242 - ovulation | | the discharge of a secondary oocyte from a vesicular follicle of the ovary. |
| No:1243 - ovum | | 1. the female reproductive cell which, after fertilization, develops into a new member of the same species (von Baer, 1827); an egg. 2. the human ovum : a round cell about 0.1 mm. in diameter, produced in the ovary, where there is deposited around it a noncellular covering (oolemma; zona pellucida; zona radiata). It consists of protoplasm which contains some yolk, enclosed by a thin cell wall (vitelline membrane). There is a large nucleus (germinal vesicle), within which is a nucleolus (germinal spot). By extension, the word is also used to designate any early stage of the conceptus, when the embryo itself constitutes a tiny and insignificant part of the whole. |
| No:1244 - oxidation | | the act of oxidizing or state of being oxidized. Chemically it consists in the increase of positive charges on an atom or the loss of negative charges. Most biological oxidations are accomplished by the removal of a pair of hydrogen atoms (dehydrogenation) from a molecule. Such oxidations must be accompanied by reduction of an acceptor molecule. Univalent o. indicates loss of one electron; divalent o., the loss of two electrons. |
| No:1245 - oxygenation | | the process of supplying, treating, or mixing with oxygen. No:1245 - oxygenation the process of supplying, treating, or mixing with oxygen. |
| No:1246 - oxytocic | | 1. pertaining to, characterized by, or promoting oxytocia (= rapid labour). 2. an agent that hastens evacuation of the uterus by stimulating contractions of the myometrium. |
Discussion