| | | SANSKRIT | HINDI | ETYMOLOGY |
| Admiration |  | प्रशंसा | तारीफ | from prefix ad- (“to, towards”) + mīrō (“I look at”) + -ātiō. |
| Affection |  | स्नेह | प्यार | Equivalent to ad- + faciō (“do, make”) |
| aggressive |  | आक्रामक | जरहना | from ad (“to”) + gradi (“to walk, go”), from gradus (“step”) |
| Agitation |  | घबराहट | तहरीक | From agō (“do, act, make”) + -itō (frequentative suffix). |
| Agony |  | पीड़ा | अजियत | from Ancient Greek ἀγωνία (agōnía, “emulation, competition, struggle”) |
| Alienation |  | अलगाव की भावना | अजनबीयत | From aliēnus (“foreign, alien”) |
| amusement |  | मनोरंजन | तफरी | Middle French amuser (“to amuse, divert, babble”), |
| Annoyance |  | चिढ़ | झनझलाहट | From in- + odiō (“hate”), a verb based on odium (“hatred, loathing”) |
| anticipate |  | पूर्वानुमान करना | मुतावक्का | from ante (“before”), + capere (“take”) |
| apprehension |  | आशंका | khadsha | From ad- (“to, towards, at”) + equivalent to pre- (“fore-, pre-”) + *hendō (“to take, seize”) |
| Attraction |  | आकर्षण | कशिश | attrahō (= ad + trahō), |
| aversion |  | घृणा | नफरत | From ab- + vertō |
| boredom |  | उदासी | बुरीयत | Cognate with Latin forō (“to bore, to pierce”) |
| Carefree |  | लापरवाह | ला परवाह | |
| Caring |  | | देखभाल करने वाला | Latin garriō, |
| Charity |  | दान पुण्य | sadqa | From cārus (“dear, expensive”) + -tās. |
| comfort |  | आराम | आराम | from Latin con- (“together”) + fortis (“strong”). |
| Compassion |  | दया | हमदर्दी | from Latin passio (“suffering”), |
| concern |  | चिंता | तशवीश | combined form of con- + cernō (“distinguish”). |
| confident |  | विश्वास है | पर एतमाद | from con- (“with”) + fīdō (“trust”). |
| confusion |  | | उलझन | From con- (“with, together”) + fundō (“pour”). |
| contempt |  | निंदा | तौहीन | from com- + temnō (“I despise”) |
| Contentment |  | संतोष | कनात | From con- (“with, together”) + tendō (“stretch, extend; contend”) |
| Courage |  | साहस | हिम्मत | from Latin cor (“heart”) |
| Cruelty |  | क्रूरता | ज़ुल्म | crūdēlis (“cruel, hard-hearted”) (crudus) |
| curiosity |  | जिज्ञासा | तजस्सुस | From cūra (“care, concern, worry”) + -osus (“suffix forming adjectives from nouns”). |
| cynicism |  | कुटिलता | घटियापन | From κῠ́ων (kúōn, “dog”) + -ῐκός (-ikós) |
| dejection |  | उदासी | मायूसी | From dē- (“from, down from, away from”) + iaciō (“throw, hurl”). |
| Delight |  | आनंद | खुशी | from de- (“away”) + laciō (“I lure, I deceive”), |
| Desire |  | इच्छा | ख्वाइश | from de- + sidus (in the phrase de sidere, “from the stars”) |
| Despair |  | निराशा | मायूसी | from des- (“dis-”) + esperer (“hope”). |
| Disappointment |  | निराशा | मायूसी | from des - (dis-) + Latin ad + punctum (“a point”). |
| disaprroval |  | अस्वीकृति | ना मंजूर | from ad + probō (“to esteem as good, approve, prove”) |
| discomfort |  | असहजता | बे आरामी | from Latin con- (“together”) + fortis (“strong”). |
| disdain |  | तिरस्कार | हिकारत | from dignus (“worthy”) |
| disgust |  | घृणा | नफरत | from des- (“dis-”) + gouster, goster (“to taste”), |
| Dismay |  | बेचैनी | मायूसी | from ex- + *magare (“to enable, empower”) |
| dispirited |  | मायूस | मायूसी | from Latin spīrō (“I breathe, blow, respire”) |
| dissatisfied |  | असंतुष्ट | ग़ैर | from satis (“enough, sufficient”) + faciō (“I make, I do”) |
| Distress |  | संकट | तकलीफ | from dis- (“apart”) + stringere (“to draw tight, strain”). |
| dominance |  | प्रभाव | ग़लबा | |
| Doubt |  | | शक | *dwóh₁ (“two”)) + habeō (“to have, hold”) |
| Eagerness |  | उत्सुकता | बेताबी | from Latin acer (“sharp, keen”); |
| Ecstasy |  | परमानंद | | from ἐκ (ek, “out”) and ἵστημι (hístēmi, “I stand”) |
| Elation |  | उत्साह | खुशी | short form of ex, + ferō (“carry, bear”). |
| Embarrassment |  | | शर्मिंदगी | from em- (“in”) (from Latin im-) + baraço (“noose, rope”) |
| Empathy |  | सहानुभूति | हमदर्दी | (formed from ἐν (en, “in, at”) + πάθος (páthos, “feeling”)) |
| ennui |  | विरक्ति | | from Late Latin inodiō, from Latin in odiō (“hated”). Doublet of annoy. |
| Enthusiasm |  | उमंग | जोश | from ἐν (en, “in”) + θεός (theós, “god”) + οὐσία (ousía, “essence”). |
| enthusiastic | | उत्साही | पूरा जोश | contracted form of ἔνθεος (éntheos, “possessed by a god”) |
| envy |  | ईर्ष्या | हसद | from in- (“on, upon”) + videre (“to look, see”). |
| epiphany |  | अहसास | | from ἐπί (epí, “upon”) + φαίνω (phaínō, “I shine, appear”) |
| Exasperation |  | खीज | गुस्सा | possibly from ( ex + aspera ) |
| Excitement |  | उत्साह | जोश | from ex (“out”) + ciere (“call, summon”) |
| Exhilaration |  | ज़िंदादिली | जोश ओ खरोश | (from Ancient Greek ἱλαρός (hilarós, “cheerful, merry”), |
| fear |  | डर | खौफ | Latin perīculum (“danger, risk, trial”) |
| Ferocity |  | क्रूरता | दरिंदगी | from ferox (“fierce”), from ferus (“wild, savage, fierce”) |
| Fright |  | भय | खौफ | |
| frustration |  | निराशा | मायूसी | from fraus (“harm, injury”). , From frūstrō (“deceive, trick”) + -tiō. |
| Fury |  | रोष | गुस्सा | from Latin furia (“rage”) |
| Gladness |  | हर्ष | खुशी | Latin glaber (“smooth; hairless; bald”) |
| grief |  | शोक | ग़म | from Latin gravis (“heavy, grievous, sad”). Doublet of grave. |
| horrify |  | डराना | खौफजादा | Latin horror (“a bristling, a shaking, trembling as with cold or fear, terror”) |
| Hostility |  | शत्रुता | दुश्मनी | Equivalent to hostis (“enemy”) + -īlis. |
| Humility |  | विनम्रता | आजज़ी | from humilis (“low, lowly, humble, earth”) |
| Impatience |  | अधीरता | बे सब्री | present active participle of patior (“suffer, experience, wait”), |
| indifference |  | उदासीनता | बे हिसि | From dis- (“apart”) + ferō (“carry, bear”) |
| indignation |  | रोष | गुस्सा | from in- (“not”) + dignus (“worthy, appropriate”) |
| Infatuation |  | आसक्ति | सहर | in + From fatuus (“foolish”) (Attraction) |
| influence |  | प्रभाव | असर ओ रसूख | from in- (“in-”) + fluō (“flow”) |
| insight |  | अंतर्दृष्टि | बासीरत | equivalent to in- + sight. |
| inspire |  | प्रेरित करना | हौसला अफजाई | from in + spīrō (“breathe”), |
| Insult |  | अपमान | तौहीन करना | from in- (prefix meaning ‘in, inside, within’) + saliō (“to bound, jump, leap; |
| interest |  | | दिलचस्प | inter- + sum |
| intrigue |  | | साज़िश | From in- + trīcor (“dally, trifle”). |
| Irritation |  | | चिढ़ | present active infinitive of irrītō (“I excite”) |
| Isolation |  | एकांत | अलेहद्गी | from isolé, placed on an island (thus away from other people) |
| Jealousy |  | ईर्ष्या द्वेष | हसद | from Ancient Greek ζῆλος (zêlos, “zeal, jealousy”) |
| Joviality |  | प्रसन्नता | खुश मिजाज | |
| joy |  | हर्ष | खुशी | Latin gaudium (“joy”), from gaudēre (“to be glad, rejoice”). |
| Jubilation |  | आनंदोत्सव | खुशी | from Latin iūbilātiō (“a shouting for joy”) |
| melanocholy |  | मेलानोचोली | | (melan-, “black, dark, murky”) + χολή (kholḗ, “bile”). |
| molest |  | तंग करना | छेड़ छाड़ | Cognate with Ancient Greek μῶλος (môlos) |
| morbidness |  | विकृति | बीमारी | from morbus (“sickness”), itself from the root of morī (“to die”) |
| Mortification |  | वैराग्य | mortification | From mors (“death”) + -ficō (“-fy”). |
| motivate |  | उत्साह करना | हौसला अफजाई | motivum (“motive, moving cause”), neuter of motivus (“serving to move”). |
| Nostalgia |  | उदासी | पुरानी यादें | Ancient Greek νόστος (nóstos, “returning home”) + ἄλγος (álgos, “pain”), |
| oppress |  | अन्धेर | ज़ुल्म | from ob (“against”) + premere, past participle pressus (“to press”) |
| optimism |  | आशावाद | | From Latin optimus, |
| outrage |  | उल्लंघन | गुस्सा | from Latin rabiēs (“anger, fury”). |
| panic |  | घबराहट | | from Ancient Greek πανικός (panikós, “pertaining to Pan; of fear: baseless”) |
| Passion |  | जुनून | जज्बा | from Latin passio (“suffering”), |
| Patience |  | धैर्य | सब्र | present active participle of patior (“suffer, experience, wait”), |
| Perversity |  | प्रतिकूलता | कजरवि | per- (“thoroughly”) + verto (“I turn”) |
| pessimist |  | निराशावादी | मायूसी पसंद | from *ped- (“to walk, fall, stumble”) |
| Pity |  | दया | | Equivalent to pius (“pious, devout”) + -tās (“-ty, -dom”) |
| pleased |  | प्रसन्न | खुश | from Latin placēre (“to please, to seem good”) |
| pleasure |  | आनंद | खुशी | from Latin placeō (“to please, to seem good”), |
| Politeness |  | शील | शाइस्तगी | From Latin polītus (“polished”), past participle of poliō (“I polish, smooth”) |
| Powerlessness |  | शक्तिहीनता | बे इख्तियारी | from Vulgar Latin *potēre, from Latin possum, posse (“to be able”); |
| rage |  | तेज़ी | गुस्सा | from Vulgar Latin *rabia, from Latin rabiēs (“anger, fury”). |
| Relaxation |  | विश्राम | आराम | from re- (“back”) + laxāre (“loosen”), |
| Relief |  | | छुटकारा | From re- + levō ( From levis (“light, not heavy”) |
| Reluctance |  | अनिच्छा | हीचकिचाहट | From re- + lūctor. Latin luctor (“I wrestle”) |
| remorse |  | आत्मा ग्लानि | पछतावा | from Latin remordeō (“I torment, I vex”, literally “I bite back”), from re- + mordeō (“I bite”). |
| Resentment |  | | नाराज़गी | From re- + sentir ( from Latin sentīre, present active infinitive of sentiō, |
| revulsion |  | तबदीली | बग़ावत | re + vello (wool) |
| Rivalry |  | विरोध | दुश्मनी | Latin rīvālis (literally “person using the same stream as another”), |
| Satisfaction |  | संतुष्टि | इत्मीनान | satis (“enough, sufficient”) + faciō (“to make, construct”) |
| self conscious |  | संकोची | खुद होश | |
| sentience |  | चेतना | जज़्बात | from Latin sentiēns, present participle of sentiō (“feel, sense”) |
| sentiment | | भाव | जज़्बात | Equivalent to sentiō + -mentum. |
| serenity |  | शांति | सुकून | serēnus (clear ) |
| Spite |  | विरोध | बावजूद | from Latin dēspiciō (“to look down, despise”) |
| sterness |  | कठोरता | सख्ती | |
| Stress |  | | तनाव | from Latin strictus (“narrow”). |
| submission |  | | | From sub- + mittō. (send) |
| surprise |  | आश्चर्य | हैरत | from sor- (“over”) + prendre (“to take”) |
| Suspense |  | कौतुहल | मशकूक | sub- + pendo ( I suspend, hang) |
| Sympathy |  | सहानुभूति | हमदर्दी | sym- (“acting or considered together”) + -pathy (“feeling”). |
| Tenderness |  | कोमलता | नर्मी | from Latin tener, tenerum (“soft, delicate”). |
| Tension |  | | तनाव | From tendō (“to stretch, stretch out, distend, extend”) |
| terror |  | आतंक | दहशत | from terrēre (“to frighten, terrify”), |
| tremble |  | घबराना | कांपना | From tremulus (“a trembling”), from tremō (“shake, tremble”). |
| Vulnerability |  | भेद्यता | कमजोरी | from Latin vulnerō (“I wound”). |
| Zeal |  | उत्साह | josh | from Ancient Greek ζῆλος (zêlos, “zeal, jealousy”), |
| anhedonia | from Ancient Greek ἀν- (an-) + ἡδονή (hēdonḗ, “pleasure”). | | | |
| apathy | rom ἀ- (a-, “not”) + πάθος (páthos, “anything that befalls one”, “incident” | | | |
| euphoria | from εὔφορος (eúphoros, “bearing well”), from εὖ (eû, “well”) + φέρειν (phérein, “to bear”). | | | |
Discussion