LIST OF MUSCLES

HEAD

FOREHEAD

Muscle	MANTRAKSHAR	HINDI	Origin	Insertion	Artery	Nerve	Action	Antagonist
occipitofrontalis		(पश्चकपाल ललाटिका	2 occipital bellies and 2 frontal bellies	epicranial aponeurosis		facial nerve [CNVII]	raises eyebrows
occipitalis		( पश्चकपाल	superior nuchal line of occipital bone, mastoid part of temporal bone		occipital artery	posterior auricular nerve (facial nerve [CNVII])	retracts scalp
frontalis		ललाटिका	skin of eyebrow and glabella		ophthalmic artery	temporal branch of facial nerve [CNVII]	wrinkles eyebrow
orbicularis oculi		(नेत्र मंडलिका)	orbital part: frontal bone	orbital part: lateral palpebral raphe	ophthalmic artery, zygomatico-orbital artery, angular artery	zygomatic branch of facial nerve [CNVII]	closes eyelids	levator palpebrae superioris
			palpebral part: medial palpebral ligament	palpebral part: lateral palpebral raphe
			lacrimal part: posterior crest of lacrimal bone	lacrimal part: Edges of eyelids
corrugator supercilii		(भ्रूभंगिका)	nasal part of frontal bone	intermediate third of skin of eyebrow	ophthalmic artery	zygomatic branch of facial nerve [CNVII]	moves skin of forehead medially and inferiorly (towards root of nose)
depressor supercilii		( भ्रू अवनमनिका )	nasal part of frontal bone, medial rim of orbit	medial third of skin of eyebrow			moves skin of eyebrows inferiorly

EYE

Muscle	MANTRAKSHAR	HINDI	Origin	Insertion	Artery	Nerve	Action	Antagonist
levator palpebrae superioris		(ऊर्ध्व नेत्रच्छद उन्नमनिका)	sphenoid bone	tarsal plate, upper eyelid	ophthalmic artery	oculomotor nerve [CNIII]	retracts and elevates eyelid	orbicularis oculi
superior tarsal			underside of levator palpebrae superioris	superior tarsal plate of eyelid		sympathetic nervous system	raises upper eyelid
Rectus muscles
superior			annulus of Zinn at orbital apex	7.5 mm superior to corneal limbus	ophthalmic artery	superior branch of oculomotor nerve [CNIII]	elevates, adducts, and medially rotates eye
inferior				6.5 mm inferior to corneal limbus		inferior branch of oculomotor nerve [CNIII]	depresses and adducts eye
medial				5.5 mm medial to corneal limbus		inferior branch of oculomotor nerve [CNIII]	adducts eye
lateral				7 mm temporal to corneal limbus		abducens nerve [CNVI]	abducts eye
Oblique muscles
superior			annulus of Zinn at orbital apex, medial to optic canal	outer posterior quadrant of eyeball	lateral muscular branch of ophthalmic artery	trochlear nerve [CNIV]	intorts, abducts, and depress eye
inferior			orbital surface of maxilla, lateral to lacrimal groove	laterally onto eyeball, deep to lateral rectus, by a short flat tendon		oculomotor nerve [CNIII]	extorts, elevates, and abducts eye

EAR

Muscle	MANTRAKSHAR	HINDI	Origin	Insertion	Artery	Nerve	Action	Antagonist
temporoparietalis		(शंखच्छद	auriculares muscles	epicranial aponeurosis		facial nerve [CNVII]
Auriculares
auricularis anterior			temporal fascia	front of helix of ear	posterior auricular artery	facial nerve [CNVII]	pulls auricle forwards
auricularis superior			epicranial aponeurosis	dorsocranial surface of auricle			pulls auricle upwards
auricularis posterior			mastoid process of temporal bone, tendon of sternocleidomastoid	dorsal part of auricle			pulls auricle backwards
Muscles of inner ear
stapedius		(रकाबिका पेशी)	tip of pyramid of middle ear	neck of stapes	stapedial branch of posterior auricular artery	facial nerve [CNVII]	reduces movement of stapes, controls amplitude of sound waves to inner ear
tensor tympani		( तानिका	Eustachian tube	handle of malleus	superior tympanic artery	medial pterygoid nerve from mandibular nerve [CNV3]	tenses tympanic membrane, controls amplitude of sound waves to inner ear

NOSE

Muscle	MANTRAKSHAR	HINDI	Origin	Insertion	Artery	Nerve	Action	Antagonist
(procerus)		भ्रूनमनी	fascia over lower part of nasal bone	skin of lower part of forehead between eyebrows	facial artery	buccal branch of facial nerve [CNVII]	draws down medial angle of eyebrow (giving expressions of frowning)
depressor septi nasi		नासा अवनमनिका	incisive fossa of maxilla	nasal septum and back part of alar part of nasalis	superior labial artery		depresses nasal septum
levator labii superioris alaeque nasi		नासा विस्फारक ओष्ठ उन्नमनिका	frontal process of maxilla	nostril and upper lip	superior labial artery		dilates nostril, elevates upper lip, elevates wing of nose
nasalis
transverse part			alveolar yoke of canine tooth	lateral nasal cartilage	superior labial artery	buccal branch of facial nerve [CNVII]	compresses nostrils
(compressor naris)		नासा संपीडनी
alar part			alveolar yoke of lateral incisor tooth, greater and lesser alar cartilages	skin near margin of nostril			dilates nostrils
(dilator naris)		नासा विस्फारिका

MOUTH

Muscle	MANTRAKSHAR	HINDI	Origin	Insertion	Artery	Nerve	Action	Antagonist
levator anguli oris		वक्त्र कोण उन्नमनिका	maxilla	modiolus of mouth	facial artery	facial nerve [CNVII]	elevates angle of mouth (smile)
(caninus)
depressor anguli oris		वक्त्र कोण अवनमनिका	tubercle of mandible			mandibular branch of facial nerve [CNVII]	depresses angle of mouth (frown)
(triangularis)
levator labii superioris (		ओष्ठ उन्नमनिका	medial part of infra-orbital margin of maxilla	skin and muscle of upper lip (labii superioris)	superior labial artery	buccal branch of facial nerve [CNVII]	elevates upper lip
depressor labii inferioris (		निम्न ओष्ठ अवनमनिका	oblique line of mandible, between symphysis and mental foramen	integument of lower lip, orbicularis oris fibers, its fellow of opposite side	inferior labial artery	mandibular branch of facial nerve [CNVII]	depresses lower lip
(mentaiis)		अधर उन्नमनी	alveolar yoke of lower, lateral incisor tooth, found on anterior mandible	skin of chin			elevates and wrinkles skin of chin, protrudes lower lip
buccinator		कपोलिका	alveolar processes of maxilla and mandible, pterygomandibular raphe	fibres of orbicularis oris	buccal artery	buccal branch of facial nerve [CNVII]	compress cheeks against teeth (blowing), mastication
orbicularis oris		वक्त्र मंडलिका	maxilla and mandible	skin around lips	superior labial artery, inferior labial artery		puckers lips
risorius (		सृक्कापकर्षिणी	parotid fascia	modiolus of mouth	facial artery		draw back angle of mouth
Zygomatic muscles		सृक्कोत्कर्षणी
major			zygomatic bone in region of zygomaticomaxillary suture	modiolus of mouth	facial artery	buccal branch of facial nerve [CNVII]	draws angle of mouth upward and laterally
minor				skin of upper lip			elevates upper lip

MASTICATION

Muscle	MANTRAKSHAR	HINDI	Origin	Insertion	Artery	Nerve	Action	Antagonist
masseter		(चर्वणिका)	anterior two-thirds of inferior margin of zygomatic arch and maxilla	angle of mandible, masseteric tuberosity of mandible	masseteric artery	masseteric nerve from mandibular nerve [CNV3]	elevates and retracts mandible (closes of mouth)	platysma
temporalis		(शंखच्छदिका)	temporal lines on parietal bone of skull	coronoid process of mandible	deep temporal arteries	deep temporal nerves from mandibular nerve [CNV3]
Pterygoid muscles		(पक्षाभिका)
lateral			greater wing of sphenoid and lateral pterygoid process	condyloid process of mandible	pterygoid branches of maxillary artery	external pterygoid nerve from mandibular nerve [CNV3]	depresses mandible
medial			deep head: medial side of lateral pterygoid plate behind upper teeth	medial angle of mandible		medial pterygoid nerve from mandibular nerve [CNV3]	elevates mandible, closes jaw, helps lateral pterygoid in moving jaw from side to side
			superficial head: pyramidal process of palatine bone and maxillary tuberosity

TONGUE

EXTRINSIC

Muscle	MANTRAKSHAR	HINDI	Origin	Insertion	Artery	Nerve	Action	Antagonist
genioglossus		(चिबुक जिह्विका)	superior part of mental spine of mandible (symphysis menti)	dorsum of tongue, body of hyoid	lingual artery	hypoglossal nerve [CNXII]	inferior fibers: protrudes tongue
							middle fibers: depresses tongue
							superior fibers: draws tip of tongue back and down
hyoglossus		(कंठ जिह्विका)	hyoid	side of tongue			depresses tongue
chondroglossus			lesser cornu and body of hyoid bone	intrinsic muscular fibers of tongue			depresses tongue (some consider this muscle to be part of hyoglossus)
styloglossus		(शरजिह्विका)	styloid process of temporal bone	tongue	sublingual branch of lingual artery		elevates and retracts tongue	inferior and middle fibers of genioglossus
palatoglossus		(तालु जिह्विका)	palatine aponeurosis			vagus nerve [CNX], accessory nerve [CNXI]	raising back part of tongue

INTRINSIC

Muscle		Origin	Insertion	Artery	Nerve	Action	Antagonist
superior longitudinal		close to epiglottis, from median fibrous septum	edges of tongue		hypoglossal nerve [CNXII]	shortens tongue, turns tip upward, turns lateral margins upward
transversus		median fibrous septum	sides of tongue			narrows tongue with no elongation
inferior longitudinal		root of tongue	apex of tongue			shortens tongue, retracts, pulls tip downward
verticalis		dorsum of tongue	inferior surface borders of tongue

SOFT PALATE

Muscle	MANTRAKSHAR	HINDI	Origin	Insertion	Artery	Nerve	Action	Antagonist
tensor veli palatini		तानिका	medial pterygoid plate of sphenoid bone	palatine aponeurosis		medial pterygoid nerve from mandibular nerve [CNV3]	tenses soft palate, aids in swallowing
levator veli palatini		उन्नमनिका	temporal bone, Eustachian tube		facial artery	pharyngeal plexus of vagus nerve [CNX]	elevates soft palate
palatoglossus		तालु जिह्विका	palatine aponeurosis	tongue			aids in breathing by raising back part of tongue
palatopharyngeus		तालु ग्रसनिका	palatine aponeurosis and hard palate	upper border of thyroid cartilage (blends with constrictor fibers)	facial artery	pharyngeal branch of vagus nerve [CNX]	aids in breathing by pulling pharynx and larynx
palatine uvula			hard palate	soft tissue of uvula			moves and changes shape of uvula

PHARYNX

Muscle	MANTRAKSHAR	HINDI	Origin	Insertion	Artery	Nerve	Action	Antagonist
stylopharyngeus		शरग्रसनिका	styloid process of temporal bone	thyroid cartilage (pharynx)	pharyngeal branches of ascending pharyngeal artery	glossopharyngeal nerve [CNIX]	elevates larynx, elevates pharynx, swallowing
salpingopharyngeus		तूर्य ग्रसनिका	cartilage of Eustachian tube	posterior fasciculus of pharyngopalatinus		vagus nerve [CNX], accessory nerve [CNXI]	raises nasopharynx
Pharyngeal muscles
inferior			cricoid cartilage, thyroid cartilage	pharyngeal raphe	pharyngeal branches of ascending pharyngeal artery	external laryngeal branch of superior laryngeal nerve from vagus nerve [CNX]	swallowing
middle			hyoid bone			pharyngeal plexus of vagus nerve [CNX]
superior			medial pterygoid plate, pterygomandibular raphé, alveolar process	pharyngeal raphe, pharyngeal tubercle

LARYNX

Muscle	MANTRAKSHAR	HINDI	Origin	Insertion	Artery	Nerve	Action	Antagonist
cricothyroid		मुद्रिकावटुकी (तिर्यक एवं सरल भाग)	anterior and lateral cricoid cartilage	inferior cornu and lamina of thyroid cartilage	cricothyroid branch of superior thyroid artery	external laryngeal branch of superior laryngeal nerve from vagus nerve [CNX]	tenses and elongates vocal folds (has minor adductory effect)
arytenoid(transverse and oblique)	,	दर्वीकल्पिका ( अनुप्रस्थ and	arytenoid cartilage on one side	arytenoid cartilage on opposite side	superior laryngeal branch of superior thyroid artery	recurrent laryngeal nerve from vagus nerve [CNX]	approximates arytenoid cartilages (closes rima glottidis)
thyroarytenoid		अवटु दर्वीकल्पिका	inner (anterior) surface of thyroid cartilage	anterior surface of arytenoid cartilage			thickens and decreases length of vocal folds, adducts during speech
Cricoarytenoid muscles		मुद्रिका दर्वीकल्पिका
posterior			posterior part of cricoid cartilage	muscular process of arytenoid cartilage		recurrent laryngeal nerve from vagus nerve [CNX]	abducts and laterally rotates cartilage, pulling vocal ligaments away from midline and forward and so opening rima glottidis	lateral cricoarytenoid
lateral			lateral part of arch of cricoid cartilage				adducts and medially rotates cartilage, pulling vocal ligaments towards midline and backwards and so closing rima glottidis	posterior cricoarytenoid

NECK

CLAVICULAR

Muscle	MANTRAKSHAR	HINDI	Origin	Insertion	Artery	Nerve	Action	Antagonist
platysma		ग्रीवा पार्श्वच्छदिका	base of mandible	inferior clavicle and fascia of chest	branches of submental artery, branches of suprascapular artery	cervical branch of facial nerve [CNVII]	tenses skin of neck	masseter, temporalis
sternocleidomastoid		उरोजत्रुककर्णमूलिका	sternal head: manubrium sterni	mastoid process of temporal bone, superior nuchal line	occipital artery, superior thyroid artery	motor: accessory nerve	acting alone: tilts head to its own side, rotates head so face is turned towards opposite side
			clavicular head: medial portion of clavicle			sensory: cervical plexus	acting together: flexes neck, raises sternum, assists in forced inspiration

SUPRAHYOID

Muscle	MANTRAKSHAR	HINDI	Origin	Insertion	Artery	Nerve	Action	Antagonist
digastric		द्विपिंडिका	anterior belly: digastric fossa (mandible)	intermediate tendon (lesser horn of hyoid bone)	anterior belly: submental branch of facial artery	anterior belly: mandibular nerve [CNV3] via mylohyoid nerve	opens jaw when masseter and temporalis are relaxed
			posterior belly: mastoid process of temporal bone		posterior belly: occipital artery	posterior belly: facial nerve [CNVII]
stylohyoid		शरकंठिका	styloid process of temporal bone	greater horn of hyoid bone	occipital artery	facial nerve [CNVII]	elevates hyoid during swallowing
mylohyoid		चिबुक कंठिका	mylohyoid line of mandible	pharyngeal raphe	mylohyoid branch of inferior alveolar artery	mylohyoid nerve, from inferior alveolar branch of mandibular nerve [CNV3]	raises oral cavity floor, elevates hyoid, depresses mandible
geniohyoid		चिबुक कंठिका	mandibular symphysis	anterior surface of body of hyoid bone		C1 via hypoglossal nerve	elevates hyoid and tongue upward during deglutition

INFRAHYOID

Muscle	MANTRAKSHAR	HINDI	Origin	Insertion	Artery	Nerve	Action	Antagonist
sternohyoid		उरः कंठिका	manubrium of sternum	hyoid bone	superior thyroid artery	ansa cervicalis	depresses hyoid
sternothyroid		उरः अवटुका		thyroid cartilage			depresses larynx, may slightly depress hyoid
thyrohyoid		अवटु कंठिका	thyroid cartilage	hyoid bone		C1	depress hyoid
omohyoid		अंसकंठिका	upper border of scapula		inferior thyroid artery	ansa cervicalis	depresses larynx, depresses and moves to side hyoid

NECK

ANTERIOR

Muscle	MANTRAKSHAR	HINDI	Origin	Insertion	Artery	Nerve	Action	Antagonist
longus colli		ग्रैवीदीर्घा	transverse processes of vertebrae C3, C4, C5, and C6	anterior arch of atlas		C2, C3, C4, C5, C6	flexes neck and head
longus capitis		शिरोदीर्घा	anterior tubercles of transverse processes of vertebrae C3, C4, C5, and C6	basilar part of occipital bone		C1, C2, C3/C4	flexes neck at atlanto-occipital joint
rectus capitis anterior		समशिरस्का	atlas	occipital bone		C1
rectus capitis lateralis		समशिरस्का	upper surface of transverse process of atlas	under surface of jugular process of occipital bone			sidebens at atlanto-occipital joint

LATERAL

Muscle	MANTRAKSHAR	HINDI	Origin	Insertion	Artery	Nerve	Action	Antagonist
scalene		विषमिका	cervical vertebrae	first and second ribs	ascending cervical artery (branch of inferior thyroid artery)	cervical nerves (C3, C4, C5, C6, C7)	elevates 1st and 2nd rib
anterior		अग्र	C3-C6	first rib		ventral ramus of C5, C6	when neck is fixed, elevates first rib to aid in breathing or when rib is fixed, bends neck forward and sideways and rotates it to opposite side
medius		मध्य	C2-C6			ventral rami of third to eighth cervical spinal nerves	elevates 1st rib, rotate neck to opposite side
posterior		पश्च	transverse processes of C4 – C6	second rib	ascending cervical artery, superficial cervical artery	C6, C7, C8	elevates 2nd rib, tilts neck to same side
levator scapulae		अंस उन्नमनिका	posterior tubercles of transverse processes of C1 – C4	superior part of medial border of scapula	dorsal scapular artery	cervical nerve (C3, C4) and dorsal scapular nerve (C5)	elevates scapula, tilts glenoid cavity inferiorly by rotating scapula	serratus anterior
rectus capitis lateralis		समशिरस्का	upper surface of transverse process of atlas (C1)	under surface of jugular process of occipital bone		C1
obliquus capitis superior		तिर्यक् शिर	lateral mass of atlas	lateral half of inferior nuchal line		suboccipital nerve
obliquus capitis inferior		तिर्यक् शिर	spinous process of axis	lateral mass of atlas		suboccipital nerve

POSTERIOR

Muscle	MANTRAKSHAR	HINDI	Origin	Insertion	Artery	Nerve	Action	Antagonist
rectus capitis posterior minor		समशिरस्का	tubercle on posterior arch of atlas (C1)	medial part of inferior nuchal line of occipital bone and surface between it and foramen magnum		a branch of dorsal primary division of suboccipital nerve	extends head at neck, but is now considered to be more of a sensory organ than a muscle
rectus capitis posterior major		समशिरस्का	spinous process of axis (C2)	inferior nucheal line of occipital bone		dorsal ramus of C1 (suboccipital nerve)
semispinalis capitis		शिरः अर्धकंटिका	articular processes of C4-C6; transverse processes of C7 and T1-T7	occipital bone between superior and inferior nuchal lines		greater occipital nerve	extends head
longissimus capitis		शिरः द्राधिष्ठिका	articular processes of C4-C7; transverse processes of T1-T5	posterior margin of mastoid process	lateral sacral artery	posterior branch of spinal nerve	laterally: Flexes head and neck to same side.
							bilaterally: Extend vertebral column
splenius capitis		शिरः पिट्टका	ligamentum nuchae, spinous processes of C7-T6	mastoid process		C3, C4	extends, rotates, and laterally flex head
obliquus capitis superior		तिर्यक्	lateral mass of atlas	lateral half of inferior nuchal line		suboccipital nerve
obliquus capitis inferior		तिर्यक्	spinous process of axis	lateral mass of atlas

TORSO

BACK

Muscle	MANTRAKSHAR	HINDI	Origin	Insertion	Artery	Nerve	Action	Antagonist
erector spinae			spines of last four thoracic vertebrae	both spines of most cranial thoracic vertebrae and cervical vertebrae	lateral sacral artery	posterior branch of spinal nerve	extends vertebral column	rectus abdominis
iliocostalis		श्रोणिफलकपर्शु
longissimus		द्राधिष्ठिका	transverse process	transverse process
spinalis		अर्धकंटिका	spinous process	spinous process
latissimus dorsi		कटिपार्श्वच्छदिका	spinous processes of thoracic T6-T12, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest and inferior 3 or 4 ribs	floor of intertubercular groove of humerus	subscapular artery, dorsal scapular artery	thoracodorsal nerve	pulls forelimb dorsally and caudally	deltoid, trapezius
transversospinales			transverse process	spinous process		posterior branches of spinal nerve
semispinalis thoracis		उरः अर्धकंटिका	transverse processes of sixth to tenth thoracic vertebrae	spinous processes of upper four thoracic vertebrae and lower two cervical vertebrae
(dorsi)
semispinalis cervicis		ग्रीवा अर्धकंटिका	transverse processes of upper five or six thoracic vertebrae	cervical spinous processes, from axis to fifth
(colli)
semispinalis capitis		शिरः अर्धकंटिका	transversal process of lower cervical and higher thoracal columna	area between superior and inferior nuchal line		greater occipital nerve	extends head
(complexus)
multifidus			sacrum, erector spinae aponeurosis, PSIS, and iliac crest	spinous process		posterior branch of spinal nerve	stabilizes vertebrae in local movements of vertebral column
rotatores			transverse process			posterior branch
interspinales		कंटिका	spinous process			posterior rami of spinal nerves	extends, flexes, and rotates vertebral column
intertransversarii			transverse process	transverse process above			laterally flexes trunk
splenius		पिट्टका
capitis		शिरः पिट्टका	nuchal ligament, spinous process of C7-T6	mastoid process of temporal bone, occipital bone		C3, C4	extends, rotates, and laterally flexes head
cervicis		ग्रीवा पिट्टका	spinous processes of T3-T6	transverse processes of C1, C2, C3		C5, C6

CHEST

Muscle	MANTRAKSHAR	HINDI	Origin	Insertion	Artery	Nerve	Action	Antagonist
intercostals		अंतरापर्शुकी	ribs 1–11	ribs 2–12	intercostal arteries	intercostal nerves
external		बाह्य अंतरापर्शुकी					inhalation	internal
internal		आभ्यंतर अंतरापर्शुकी	rib – inferior border	rib – superior border			holds ribs steady	external
innermost		अंतरतम अंतरापर्शुकी					elevates ribs
subcostales		अधःपर्शुका	inner surface of one rib	inner surface of second or third rib above, near its angle
transversus thoracis		उरः अनुप्रस्थिका (उरः पर्शुकिका)	costal cartilages of last 3–4 ribs, body of sternum, xiphoid process	ribs/costal cartilages 2–6			depresses ribs
levatores costarum		पर्शुका उन्नमनिका	transverse processes of C7 to T12 vertebrae	superior surfaces of ribs immediately inferior to preceding vertebrae		dorsal rami – C8, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11	assists in elevation of thoracic rib cage
Serratus posterior muscles		पश्च दंतुरिका
inferior			vertebrae T11 – L3	inferior borders of 9th through 12th ribs	intercostal arteries	intercostal nerves	depresses lower ribs, aiding in expiration
superior			nuchal ligament (or ligamentum nuchae) and spinous processes of vertebrae C7 through T3	upper borders of 2nd through 5th ribs		2nd through 5th intercostal nerves	elevates ribs, aiding in inspiration
diaphragm		मध्यच्छद 2- तनुपट			pericardiacophrenic artery, musculophrenic artery, inferior phrenic arteries	phrenic and lower intercostal nerves	breathing

PELVIS

PERINEUM

UPPER LIMB

VERTEBRAL COLUMN

Muscle	MANTRAKSHAR	HINDI	Origin	Insertion	Artery	Nerve	Action	Antagonist
trapezius		समलंबिका	down midline, external occipital protuberance, nuchal ligament, medial part of superior nuchal line, spinous processes of vertebrae C7-T12	at shoulders, lateral third of clavicle, acromion of scapula, spine of scapula	transverse cervical artery	motor: accessory nerve [CNXI]	retracts and elevates scapula	serratus anterior
						sensory: cervical nerves C3 and C4
latissimus dorsi		कटिपार्श्वच्छदिका	spinous processes of thoracic T6-T12, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest and inferior 3 or 4 ribs	floor of intertubercular groove of humerus	subscapular artery, dorsal scapular artery	thoracodorsal nerve	pulls forelimb dorsally and caudally	deltoid, trapezius
rhomboids		समचतुर्भुजिका	nuchal ligaments, spinous processes of C7-T5 vertebrae	medial border of scapula	dorsal scapular artery	dorsal scapular nerve (C4 and C5)	retracts scapula and rotates it to depress glenoid cavity, fixes scapula to thoracic wall	serratus anterior
rhomboid major			spinous processes of T2 to T5 vertebrae	medial border of scapula, inferior to insertion of rhomboid minor
rhomboid minor		लघु अंसापकर्षणी	nuchal ligaments and spinous processes of C7- to T1 vertebrae	medial border of scapula, superior to insertion of rhomboid major
levator scapulae		अंस उन्नमनिका	posterior tubercles of transverse processes of C1 – C4 vertebrae	superior part of medial border of scapula		cervical nerve (C3, C4) and dorsal scapular nerve (C5)	elevates scapula, tilts glenoid cavity inferiorly by rotating scapula

THORACIC WALLS

Muscle	MANTRAKSHAR	HINDI	Origin	Insertion	Artery	Nerve	Action	Antagonist
pectoralis major		बृहत् वक्षच्छदिका	clavicular head: anterior surface of medial half of clavicle sternocostal head: anterior surface of sternum, superior six costal cartilages	intertubercular groove of humerus	pectoral branch of thoracoacromial artery	lateral pectoral nerve, medial pectoral nerve clavicular head: C5 and C6 sternocostal head: C7, C8 and T1	adducts and medially rotates humerus, draws scapula anteriorly and inferiorly clavicular head: flexes humerus sternocostal head: extends humerus
pectoralis minor		लघु वक्षच्छदिका	3rd to 5th ribs, near their costal cartilages	medial border and superior surface of coracoid process of scapula		medial pectoral nerve (C8, T1)	stabilizes scapula by drawing it inferiorly and anteriorly against thoracic wall
subclavius		अधोजत्रुका	first rib	subclavian groove of clavicle	thoracoacromial artery, clavicular branch	subclavian nerve	depresses clavicle
serratus anterior		अग्र दंतुरिका	fleshy slips from outer surface of upper 8 or 9 ribs	costal surface of medial margin of scapula	upper part: lateral thoracic artery	long thoracic nerve (from roots of brachial plexus C5, C6, C7)	protracts and stabilises scapula, assists in upward rotation	rhomboid major, rhomboid minor, trapezius
					lower part:thoracodorsal artery

SHOULDER

Muscle	MANTRAKSHAR	HINDI	Origin	Insertion	Artery	Nerve	Action	Antagonist
deltoid		त्रिकोणिका , अंसच्छद	clavicle, acromion, spine of scapula	deltoid tuberosity of humerus	primarily posterior circumflex humeral artery	axillary nerve	abducts, flexes, and extends shoulder	latissimus dorsi
teres major		बृहत् अंसाभिवर्तिका	posterior surface of inferior angle of scapula	medial lip of intertubercular sulcus of humerus	subscapular artery, circumflex scapular artery	lower subscapular nerve (segmental levels C5 and C6)	internally rotates humerus
Rotator cuff
supraspinatus		अभ्यंसपृष्ठिका	supraspinous fossa of scapula	superior facet of greater tubercle of humerus	suprascapular artery	suprascapular nerve	abducts and stabilises humerus	infraspinatus, teres minor, pectoralis major, latissimus dorsi
infraspinatus		अधः अंतपृष्ठिका	infraspinous fossa of scapula	middle facet of greater tubercle of humerus	suprascapular artery, circumflex scapular artery		laterally rotates, adducts, and stabilises humerus	subscapularis, pectoralis major, latissimus dorsi
teres minor		लघु अंसाभिवर्तिका	lateral border of scapula	inferior facet of greater tubercle of humerus	posterior circumflex humeral artery, circumflex scapular artery	axillary nerve	laterally rotates and adducts humerus	subscapularis, pectoralis major, latissimus dorsi
subscapularis		अधोअंसफलकिका	subscapular fossa of scapula	lesser tubercle of humerus	subscapular artery	upper subscapular nerve, lower subscapular nerve (C5, C6)	medially rotates humerus, stabilizes shoulder	infraspinatus, teres minor

ARM

ANTERIOR COMPARTMENT

Muscle	Mantrakshar		Origin	Insertion	Artery	Nerve	Action	Antagonist
coracobrachialis		तुंडप्रगंडिका	coracoid process of scapula	medial surface of humerus	brachial artery	musculocutaneous nerve	flexes and adducts shoulder
biceps brachii		प्रगंडद्विशिरस्का	short head: coracoid process of scapula	radial tuberosity, bicipital aponeurosis		musculocutaneous nerve (lateral cord: C5, C6, C7)	flexes elbow, supinates forearm	triceps brachii
			long head: supraglenoid tubercle
brachialis		प्रगंडिका	anterior surface of humerus (mainly distal half)	coronoid process of ulna, tuberosity of ulna	radial recurrent artery	musculocutaneous nerve	flexes elbow

POSTERIOR COMPARTMENT

Muscle	Mantrakshar		Origin	Insertion	Artery	Nerve	Action	Antagonist
triceps brachii		त्रिशिरस्का	long head: infraglenoid tubercle of scapula	olecranon of ulna	deep artery of arm	radial nerve	extends forearm	biceps brachii, brachialis
			lateral head: posterior humerus (above radial sulcus)				long head: adducts shoulder medial head: does not function at shoulder
			medial head: posterior humerus - (below radial sulcus)
anconeus		कूर्परपृष्ठिका	lateral epicondyle of humerus	lateral surface of olecranon, superior part of posterior ulna	deep artery of arm, interosseous recurrent artery	radial nerve (C7, C8, and T1)	partly blended with triceps, extendsforearm, stabilises elbow, abducts ulna during pronation

FOREARM

ANTERIOR COMPARTMENT

SUPERFICIAL

Muscle	MANTRAKSHAR		Origin	Insertion	Artery	Nerve	Action	Antagonist
pronator teres		गोल अवतानिका	humeral head: medial epicondyle of humerus (common flexor tendon)	pronator tuberosity of radius	ulnar artery, radial artery	median nerve	pronates forearm, flexes elbow	supinator
			ulnar head: coronoid process of ulna
flexor carpi radialis		बहिर्मणिबंध आकुंचनी	medial epicondyle of humerus (common flexor tendon)	bases of second metacarpal, base of third metacarpal	radial artery		flexes and abducts wrist	extensor carpi radialis brevis, extensor carpi radialis longus
palmaris longus		दीर्घ करतलिका		palmar aponeurosis	ulnar artery		flexes wrist	extensor carpi radialis brevis, extensor carpi radialis longus, extensor carpi ulnaris
flexor carpi ulnaris		अंतर्मणिबंध आकुंचनी		pisiform, hook of hamate, base of fifth metacarpal		muscular branches of ulnar nerve	flexes and adducts wrist	extensor carpi ulnaris
flexor digitorum superficialis		उपरस्थि अंगुलि आकुंचनी	medial epicondyle of humerus (common flexor tendon), parts of radius and ulna	bases of middle phalanges 2, 3, 4, and 5		median nerve	flexes fingers (primarily at proximal interphalangeal joints)	extensor digitorum

DEEP

Muscle	MANTRAKSHAR	HINDI	Origin	Insertion	Artery	Nerve	Action	Antagonist
pronator quadratus		चतुरस्र अवतानिका	medial anterior surface of ulna	lateral anterior surface of radius	anterior interosseous artery	anterior interosseous nerve (median nerve)	weakly pronates forearm	supinator
flexor digitorum profundus		गभीर अंगुलि आकुंचनी	ulna	distal phalanges		lateral belly: anterior interosseous nerve (median nerve)	flexes wrist, flexes interphalangeal joints	extensor digitorum
						medial belly: muscular branches of ulna nerve
flexor pollicis longus		दीर्घ अंगुष्ठ आकुंचनी	middle half of volar surface of radius, interosseus membrane	base of distal phalanx of thumb		anterior interosseous nerve (median nerve) (C8, T1)	flexes thumb	extensor pollicis longus, extensor pollicis brevis

POSTERIOR COMPARTMENT

SUPERFICIAL

Muscle	MANTRAKSHAR	HINDI	Origin	Insertion	Artery	Nerve	Action	Antagonist
extensor digitorum		अंगुलि प्रसारिणी	lateral epicondyle of humerus (common extensor tendon)	2nd–5th phalanges	posterior interosseous artery	posterior interosseous nerve (C7, C8)	extends hand, extends fingers	flexor digitorum superficialis, flexor digitorum profundus
extensor digiti minimi		कनिष्ठिका प्रसारिणी	anterior surface of lateral epicondyle of humerus (common extensor tendon)	extensor expansion, located at base of proximal phalanx on dorsal side	extends little finger at all joints	flexor digiti minimi brevis	extensor digiti minimi	anterior surface of lateral epicondyle of humerus (common extensor tendon)
extensor carpi ulnaris		अंतर्मणिबंध प्रसारिणी	lateral epicondyle of humerus (common extensor tendon), ulna	5th metacarpal	ulnar artery	extends and adducts wrist	flexor carpi ulnaris	extensor carpi ulnaris
Mobile wad			Mobile wad	Mobile wad	Mobile wad	Mobile wad	Mobile wad	Mobile wad
brachioradialis		प्रगंड बहिःप्रकोष्ठिका	lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus	radial styloid process (distal radius)	radial recurrent artery	radial nerve	flexes forearm, pronates forearm when supine, supinates forearm when prone
extensor carpi radialis longus		दीर्घ बहिर्मणिबंध प्रसारिणी	2nd metacarpal	radial artery	extends wrist joint, abducts hand at wrist	flexor carpi radialis	extensor carpi radialis longus	2nd metacarpal
extensor carpi radialis brevis		लघु बहिर्मणिबंध प्रसारिणी	anterior surface of lateral epicondyle of humerus (common extensor tendon)	base of 3rd metacarpal	posterior interosseus nerve	extensor carpi radialis brevis	anterior surface of lateral epicondyle of humerus (common extensor tendon)	base of 3rd metacarpal

DEEP

Muscle	MANTRAKSHAR	HINDI	Origin	Insertion	Artery	Nerve	Action	Antagonist
supinator		उत्ताननी	lateral epicondyle of humerus, supinator crest of ulna, radial collateral ligament, annular ligament	lateral proximal shaft of radius	radial recurrent artery	posterior interosseus nerve (C7, C8)	supinates forearm	pronator teres, pronator quadratus
extensor indicis		तर्जनी प्रसारिणी	ulna	index finger (extensor hood)		extends index finger, wrist		extensor indicis
Anatomical snuff box			Anatomical snuff box	Anatomical snuff box	Anatomical snuff box	Anatomical snuff box	Anatomical snuff box	Anatomical snuff box
abductor pollicis longus		दीर्घ अंगुष्ठापवर्तनी	ulna	first metacarpal	posterior interosseous artery	posterior interosseous nerve (C7, C8)	abducts and extends thumb	adductor pollicis
extensor pollicis brevis		लघु अंगुष्ठ प्रसारिणी	radius, interosseous membrane of forearm	proximal phalanx of thumb	extends thumb at metacarpophalangeal joint	flexor pollicis longus, flexor pollicis brevis	extensor pollicis brevis	radius, interosseous membrane of forearm
extensor pollicis longus		दीर्घ अंगुष्ठ प्रसारिणी	ulna, interosseous membrane of forearm	distal phalanx of thumb	extends thumb (metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal)	extensor pollicis longus	ulna, interosseous membrane of forearm	distal phalanx of thumb

HAND

LATERAL VOLAR

Muscle	MANTRAKSHAR	HINDI	Origin	Insertion	Artery	Nerve	Action	Antagonist
opponens pollicis		अंगुष्ठ व्यावर्तिका	trapezium, transverse carpal ligament	metacarpal bone of thumb on its radial side	superficial palmar arch	median nerve	opposes thumb
flexor pollicis brevis		लघु अंगुष्ठ आकुंचनी	trapezoid, flexor retinaculum	thumb, proximal phalanx		median nerve, deep branch of ulnar nerve (medial head)	flexes thumb	extensor pollicis longus, extensor pollicis brevis
abductor pollicis brevis		लघु अंगुष्ठापवर्तनी	flexor retinaculum of hand, scaphoid and trapezium	radial base of proximal phalanx of thumb and thumb extensors		median nerve	abducts thumb	adductor pollicis
adductor pollicis		अंगुष्ठाभिवर्तनी	transverse head: anterior body of third metacarpal	medial side of base of proximal phalanx of thumb and ulnar sesamoid	deep palmar arch	deep branch of ulnar nerve (T1)	adducts thumb at carpometacarpal joint	abductor pollicis longus, abductor pollicis brevis
			oblique head: bases of second and third metacarpals and adjacent trapezoid and capitate bones

MEDIAL VOLAR

Muscle	MANTRAKSHAR	HINDI	Origin	Insertion	Artery	Nerve	Action	Antagonist
palmaris brevis		लघु करतलिका	flexor retinaculum (medial), palmar aponeurosis	palm	palmar metacarpal artery	superficial branch of ulnar nerve	wrinkle skin of palm
hypothenar
abductor digiti minimi		कनिष्ठपवर्तनी	pisiform	base of proximal phalanx of 5th digit on ulnar or medial side	ulnar artery	deep branch of ulnar nerve	abducts little finger
flexor digiti minimi brevis		लघु कनिष्ठा आकुंचनी	hamate bone	little finger		deep branch of ulnar nerve	flexes little finger	extensor digiti minimi
opponens digiti minimi		लघु कनिष्ठा व्यावर्तिका	hook of hamate, flexor retinaculum	medial border of 5th metacarpal		deep branch of ulnar nerve (C8 and T1)	draws 5th metacarpal anteriorly and rotates it, bringing little finger (5th digit) into opposition with thumb

INTERMEDIATE

LOWER LIMB

ILIAC REGION

Muscle	MANTRAKSHAR	HINDI	Origin	Insertion	Artery	Nerve	Action	Antagonist
iliopsoas		श्रोणिफलक कटिलंबिका	iliac fossa (iliacus), sacrum (iliacus), spine (T12, L1, lumbar vertebra, psoas major, psoas minor)[6]	lesser trochanter of femur (psoas major), shaft below lesser trochanter (iliacus), tendon of psoas major & femur (iliacus)[6]	medial femoral circumflex artery, iliolumbar artery	femoral nerve, lumbar nerves L1, L2	flexes hip (psoas major/minor, iliacus), spine rotation (psoas major/minor)	gluteus maximus, posterior compartment of thigh
psoas major		बृहत् कटिलंबिका	transverse processes, bodies and intervertebral discs of T12-L5 vertebrae	lesser trochanter of femur	iliolumbar artery	lumbar plexus via anterior branches of L1, L2, L3[7]	flexes and rotates laterally thigh	gluteus maximus
psoas minor		लघु कटिलंबिका	side of T11+L1 and IV intervertebral disc	Pectineal line and iliopectineal eminence	iliolumbar artery, lumbar arteries	L1	weakly flexes trunk flexor
iliacus		श्रोणिफलकिका	iliac fossa	lesser trochanter of femur	medial femoral circumflex artery, Iliolumbar artery	femoral nerve (L2, L3[7])	flexes hip[8]

GLUTEAL REGION

Muscle	MANTRAKSHAR	HINDI	Origin	Insertion	Artery	Nerve	Action	Antagonist
tensor fasciae latae		ऊरु प्रावरणी तानिका	iliac crest	iliotibial tract	primarily lateral circumflex femoral artery, superior gluteal artery	superior gluteal nerve (L4, L5)	flexes thigh, medially rotates thigh, stabilises torso
gluteal		नितंबिका
gluteus maximus		बृहत् / MAHA नितंबिका	gluteal surface of ilium, lumbar fascia, sacrum, sacrotuberous ligament	gluteal tuberosity of femur, iliotibial tract	superior gluteal artery, inferior gluteal artery	inferior gluteal nerve (L5, S1, S2 nerve roots)	externally rotates and extends hip joint, supports extended knee through iliotibial tract, chief antigravity muscle in sitting	Iliacus, psoas major, psoas minor
gluteus medius		मध्य नितंबिका	gluteal surface of ilium, under gluteus maximus	greater trochanter of femur	superior gluteal artery	superior gluteal nerve (L4, L5, S1 nerve roots)	abduction of hip; preventing adduction of hip Medial rotation of thigh	lateral rotator group
gluteus minimus		लघु नितंबिका	gluteal surface of ilium, under gluteus medius
lateral rotator group			at or below acetabulum of ilium	on or near greater trochanter of femur	inferior gluteal artery, lateral sacral artery, superior gluteal artery	obturator nerve, piriformis nerve, nerve to quadratus femoris	laterally rotates hip	gluteus minimus, gluteus medius
piriformis		तुम्बिका	sacrum	greater trochanter		piriformis nerve (S1 and S2 nerve roots)[9]	laterally rotates (outward) thigh
obturator externus		बाह्य गवाक्षिका	obturator foramen and obturatory membrane	medial surface of greater trochanter of femur	obturator artery	posterior branch of obturator nerve (L3, L4)	adduct thigh, rotate laterally thigh
superior gemellus			ischial spine			nerve to obturator internus (L5, S1, S2)
obturator internus		आभ्यंतर गवाक्षिका	ischiopubic ramus, obturator membrane	medial surface of greater trochanter of femur			abducts & rotates laterally thigh, stabilises hip during walking
inferior gemellus			ischial tuberosity	obturator internus tendon		nerve to quadratus femoris (L4, L5, S1)	laterally rotates thigh
quadratus femoris		ऊरु चतुरस्रिका		intertrochanteric crest	inferior gluteal artery

THIGH

ANTERIOR COMPARTMENT

Muscle	MANTRAKSHAR	HINDI	Origin	Insertion	Artery	Nerve	Action	Antagonist
articularis genus			femur	suprapatellar bursa	femoral artery	femoral nerve	pulls suprapatellar bursa during extension of knee
sartorius		दीर्घतमा	superior to anterior superior iliac spine	medial side of upper tibia in pes anserinus			flexes, laterally rotates, and abducts thigh, flexes and medially rotates leg
quadriceps femoris		ऊरु चतुःशिरस्का	combined rectus femoris and vastus muscles	patella and tibial tuberosity via patellar tendon			extends knee, flexes hip (rectus femoris only)	hamstring
rectus femoris		समऔर्विका	anterior inferior iliac spine and exterior surface of bony ridge which forms iliac portion of acetabulum				knee extension; hip flexion
vastus lateralis		पार्श्व बृहदिका	greater trochanter, intertrochanteric line, and linea aspera of femur				extends knee
vastus intermedius		मध्य बृहदिका	anterior surface of femur
vastus medialis		अभिमध्य बृहदिका	anteromedial surface of femur

POSTERIOR COMPARTMENT

Muscle	MANTRAKSHAR	HINDI	Origin	Insertion	Artery	Nerve	Action	Antagonist
hamstring								quadriceps femoris
biceps femoris		ऊरु द्विशिरस्का	long head: ischial tuberosity	head of fibula[10] articulating with back of lateral tibial condyle	inferior gluteal artery, perforating arteries, popliteal artery	long head: medial (tibial) part of sciatic nerve	flexes knee joint, laterally rotates leg at knee (when knee is flexed), extends hip joint (long head only)[10]
			short head: linea aspera of femur[10]			short head: lateral (common fibular) part of sciatic nerve[10]
semitendinosus		कंडराकल्पिका	ischial tuberosity[10]	pes anserinus	inferior gluteal artery, perforating arteries	sciatic nerve[10] (tibial, L5, S1, S2)	flexes knee, extends hip, medially rotates leg at knee[10]
semimembranosus		कलाकल्पिका		medial surface of tibia[10]	profunda femoris, gluteal artery	sciatic nerve[

MEDIAL COMPARTMENT

Muscle	MANTRAKSHAR	HINDI	Origin	Insertion	Artery	Nerve	Action	Antagonist
adductor muscles of the hip			pubis	femur, tibia	obturator artery	obturator nerve	adducts hip	gluteus medius, gluteus minimus
gracilis		तनुपेशी	inferior pubic ramus[11]	tibia (pes anserinus)		anterior branch of obturator nerve[11]	adducts hip, flexes hip, medially rotates knee[11]
pectineus		कंकताभिका	superior pubic ramus[11]	lesser trochanter, linea aspera		femoral nerve and obturator nerve (medial compartment)[11]	flexes and adducts hip[11]
adductor brevis		लघु अभिवर्तनी	anterior surface of inferior pubic ramus[11]	lesser trochanter and linea aspera of femur		anterior branch of obturator nerve[11]	adducts hip[11]
adductor longus		दीर्घाभिवर्तनी	pubic body just below pubic crest	middle third of linea aspera			adducts and medially rotates hip[11]
adductor magnus		बृहत् अभिवर्तनी		femur, adductor tubercle of femur		posterior branch of obturator nerve (adductor) and tibial part of sciatic nerve (vertical head)[11][12]	adducts hip[11]

LEG

ANTERIOR COMPARTMENT

Muscle	MANTRAKSHAR	HINDI	Origin	Insertion	Artery	Nerve	Action	Antagonist
tibialis anterior			body of tibia	medial cuneiform and first metatarsal bones of foot	anterior tibial artery	deep fibular nerve	dorsiflexes and inverts foot	fibularis longus, gastrocnemius, soleus, plantaris, tibialis posterior
extensor hallucis longus		दीर्घ पादांगुष्ठ प्रसारिणी	middle portion of anterior surface of fibula, anterior surface of interosseous membrane	dorsal side of base of distal phalanx of hallux			extends big toe, assists in dorsiflexion of foot at ankle, weakly inverts foot	flexor hallucis longus, flexor hallucis brevis
extensor digitorum longus		दीर्घ पादांगुलि प्रसारिणी	lateral condyle of tibia, superior ¾ of interosseous membrane	middle and distal phalanges of lateral four digits			extension of toes and ankle	flexor digitorum longus, flexor digitorum brevis
fibularis tertius		तृतीय पादविवर्तिका	distal anterior surface of fibula	dorsal surface of fifth metatarsal			dorsi flexes and everts foot

POSTERIOR COMPARTMENT

SUPERFICIAL	MANTRAKSHAR	HINDI
Muscle			Origin	Insertion	Artery	Nerve	Action	Antagonist
triceps surae		त्रिशिरस्का		achilles tendon, calcaneus	posterior tibial artery	tibial nerve	plantarflexes ankle
gastrocnemius		उपरस्थिपिंडिका , परापिंडिका	medial condyle and lateral condyle of femur	calcaneus	sural arteries	tibial nerve from sciatic nerve, specifically, nerve roots S1, S2	plantarflexes ankle, flexes knee (minor)	tibialis anterior
soleus		पिंडिका	fibula, medial border of tibia (soleal line)	tendo calcaneus		tibial nerve, specifically, nerve roots L5–S2	plantarflexes ankle
plantaris		अनुपिंडिका	lateral supracondylar ridge of femur above lateral head of gastrocnemius	calcaneal tendon (medial side, deep to gastrocnemius tendon)		tibial nerve	plantarflexes ankle, flexes knee
DEEP
Muscle			Origin	Insertion	Artery	Nerve	Action	Antagonist
popliteus		जानुपृष्ठिका	middle facet of lateral surface of lateral femoral condyle	posterior tibia under tibial condyles	popliteal artery	tibial nerve	medially rotates and flexes knee
tarsal tunnel
flexor hallucis longus		दीर्घ पादांगुष्ठ आकुंचनी	posterior surface of upper 1/3 of fibula	base of distal phalanx of hallux	fibular artery (peroneal branch of posterior tibial artery	tibial nerve, S1, S2 nerve roots	flexes all joints of big toe, plantarflexes ankle	extensor hallucis longus
flexor digitorum longus		दीर्घ पादांगुलि आकुंचनी	medial tibia	distal phalanges of lateral four digits	posterior tibial artery	tibial nerve	flexes toes	extensor digitorum longus, extensor digitorum brevis
tibialis posterior			tibia, fibula	navicular, medial cuneiform			inverts foot, plantarflexes foot at ankle	tibialis anterior

LATERAL COMPARTMENT

Muscle	MANTRAKSHAR	HINDI	Origin	Insertion	Artery	Nerve	Action	Antagonist
fibularis longus		दीर्घ पादविवर्तिका	fibula	first metatarsal, medial cuneiform	fibular artery	superficial fibular nerve	plantarflexes and everts ankle	tibialis anterior
fibularis brevis		लघु पादविवर्तिका	fibula	fifth metatarsal	fibular artery	superficial fibular nerve	plantarflexes and everts ankle	tibialis posterior

FOOT

DORSAL

Muscle	MANTRAKSHAR	HINDI	Origin	Insertion	Artery	Nerve	Action	Antagonist
extensor digitorum brevis		लघु पादांगुलि प्रसारिणी	calcaneus	toes		deep fibular nerve	extends digits 2, 3, and 4	flexor digitorum longus, flexor digitorum brevis
extensor hallucis brevis		लघु पादांगुष्ठ प्रसारिणी		base of proximal phalanx of big toe		deep fibular nerve	extends big toe	flexor hallucis brevis
dorsal interossei of foot			metatarsals	proximal phalanges		lateral plantar nerve(fourth interosseous space: superficial branch others: deep branch), first and second interossei: lateral branch of deep fibular nerve	abducts toes	plantar interossei

PLANTAR

FIRST LAYER

Muscle	MANTRAKSHAR	HINDI	Origin	Insertion	Artery	Nerve	Action	Antagonist
abductor hallucis		पादांगुष्ठापवर्तनी	medial process of calcaneus, flexor retinaculum, plantar aponeurosis	medial side of base of proximal phalanx of first digit		medial plantar nerve	abducts hallux	adductor hallucis
flexor digitorum brevis		लघु पादांगुलि आकुंचनी	medial process of calcaneus, plantar aponeurosis, intermuscular septa	middle phalanges of digits 2–5			flexes lateral four toes	extensor digitorum longus, extensor digitorum brevis
abductor digiti minimi		कनिष्ठपवर्तनी	plantar aponeurosis	phalanges of fifth toe	lateral plantar artery	lateral plantar nerve (S1, S2)	flexes and abducts fifth toe	flexor digiti minimi brevis

SECOND LAYER

Muscle	MANTRAKSHAR	Origin	Insertion	Artery	Nerve	Action	Antagonist
quadratus plantae		calcaneus	tendons of flexor digitorum longus		lateral plantar nerve (S1, S2)	flexes distal interphalangeal joints (assists flexor digitorum longus)
lumbricals		tendons of flexor digitorum longus	medial surface of extensor expansion of proximal phalanges of lateral four toes	lateral plantar artery, plantar arch, four plantar metatarsal arteries	lateral plantar nerve (lateral three lumbricals) and medial plantar nerve (first lumbrical)	maintain extension of digits at interphalangeal joints

THIRD LAYER

Muscle	MANTRAKSHAR	HINDI	Origin	Insertion	Artery	Nerve	Action	Antagonist
flexor hallucis brevis		लघु पादांगुष्ठ आकुंचनी	plantar surface of cuneiforms, plantar calcaneocuboid ligament, long plantar ligament	medial head: medial sesamoid bone of metatarsophalangeal joint, proximal phalanx of great toe		medial plantar nerve	flexes big toe	extensor hallucis longus
				lateral head: lateral sesamoid bone of metatarsophalangeal joint, proximal phalanx of great toe
adductor hallucis		पादांगुष्ठाभिवर्तनी	oblique head: proximal ends of middle 3 metatarsals	lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of big toe, sesamoid		lateral plantar nerve	adducts big toe	abductor hallucis
			transverse head: metatarsophalangeal joints, ligaments of lateral 3 toes
flexor digiti minimi brevis		लघु कनिष्ठा आकुंचनी	fifth metatarsal bone	phalanx of fifth toe		lateral plantar nerve (superficial branch)	extends and adducts fifth toe	abductor digiti minimi

FOURTH LAYER