EMBRYOLOGY

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more specific
- today's creator ( अद्यज )
  - EMBRYOLOGY GENITORS
    - zygote ( युग्मज )
      - Blast -
        
        Amnioblast ( उल्वज )
        
        Blastocoel ( जननगुहा ) , Blastocyst ( जननपूट ) , Blastomeres ( जननखंड ) , Blastopore ( जननछिद्र )
        
        Embryoblast ( भ्रूणज )
        
        Epiblast ( अधिज , आद्यबहिर्जनस्तर ) , Hypoblast ( अधःज , आद्यअंतःजनस्तर )
        
        Trophoblast ( पोषज )
      - heart and vessels creator
        
        Angiogenesis ( वाहिकाजनन )
        
        Cardiogenic area ( हृदजनक क्षेत्र ) , Cardiac progenitor cell ( हृद प्रजनक कोशिका )
      - creator of kidney
        
        Nephrogenic cord
      - nervous system creator

युग्मज (zygote )
- द्वि कोशिकीय युग्मज ( क्स 2 celled )
- 4 celled (4 क्स )
- 8 celled (8 क्स )
- 16 celled (16 क्स )
  - जननपूट (blastocyst - क्सः )
  - जननगुहा ( blastoceol - ह,अः)
  - outer cell mass ( क )
    - पोषज ( trophoblast )
      - कोशिकापोषज (cytotrophoblast - क्र )
      - बीजपोषक संकोशिका (synctiotrophoblast - कृ )
  - भ्रूणीय ध्रुव (Emrbyonic pole - किं )
    - अवभ्रूणीय ध्रुव ( Abembryonic pole - कुं )
    - Mural trophoblast (कों )
  - भ्रूणज ( inner cell mass / embryoblast - स)
    - अधिःज ( epiblast - श )
      - उल्वीय गुहा ( amniotic cavity - शः )
      - उलवज ( amnioblast )
        
        ectoderm
        
        आद्य रेखा ( Primitive streak )
        
        आद्य मंडली , आद्य गांठ (Primitive knot / node / hensens node )
        
        जनन छिद्र ( blastopore )
        
        आद्य पृष्ठरज्जु नाल ( notochordal process )
        
        आद्य तंत्राशय नली (neurenteric canal )
        
        तंत्रिक शिखर ( neural crest )
        
        development of nervous system
    - अधःज ( hypoblast - ष )
      - पीतक थैली (yolk sac - षः)
      - heuser membrane (पीतकज )
        
        endoderm
        
        प्ररज्जु पत्तल / आद्य पत्तल ( Prochordal plate / primitive plate )
        
        development of digestive system
        
        development of respiratory system
    - मध्यत्वक, मध्यज ( mesoderm - स ) derived from ingressing epiblast cells
      - paraxial ( परअक्षीय - )
        
        extends from primitive streak to prechordal plate
        
        extends to otic vesicle of hind brain
        
        post otic part undergoes segmentation in to cubical blocks
        
        अनुकाय , कायखंड ( Somites ) or , अनुकायांश ( somitomeres ) , metameres by transverse clefts
        
        44 pairs develop
        
        first 4 pairs called occipital somites
        
        form skull
        
        8 cervical
        
        12 thoracic
        
        5 lumbar
        
        5 sacral
        
        8-10 coccygeal
        
        (sclerotome)
        
        अक्षीय कंकाल ( axial skeleton )
        
        development of skeletal system
        
        vertebral column
        
        ribs
        
        (dermato-myotome)
        
        lateral (dermatome) plate
        
        त्वचा ( dermis of skin )
        
        medial muscle plate
        
        अक्षीय मांस - पेशी (axial muscles)
        
        muscles of tongue
        
        diaphragm
        
        trunk
        
        अंगीय मांस पेशी ( limb muscles )
        
        rostral/ beak part remains unsegmented
        
        develop base of skull
      - Intermediate ( अंतरामध्य )
        
        upper cervical and thoracic regions show segmentation
        
        lower segments are unsegmented
        
        Nephrogenic cord
        
        development of urogenital system
        
        development of reproductive system
      - Lateral ( पार्श्व )
        
        continuous with pericardial bar cephalic to buccopharyngeal membrane
        
        pericardial bar
        
        pericardial sac
        
        series of clefts appear inside
        
        join to form
        
        intraembryonic coelom
        
        u shaped tubular passage
        
        divides mesoderm
        
        somatic layer with overlying ectoderm
        
        somatopleure
        
        body wall
        
        parietal layer
        
        skeletal elements
        
        pectoral girdle
        
        pelvic girdle
        
        splanchnic layer with underlying endoderm
        
        Splanchnic layer
        
        gut
        
        splanchnic mesoderm
        
        development of circulatory system
  - बाह्य भ्रूणगुहा ( extraembryonic coelom )
  - बाह्य मध्यत्वक ( extramebryonic mesoderm )
    - आद्यकायिक मध्यजनस्तर ( Somatopleuric mesoderm )
    - आद्यआशय मध्यजनस्तर ( Splanchnopleuric mesoderm )
    - ग्रसनी चाप
  - PRIMITIVE POSTURE OF EMBRYO
    - the first folding of embryo to reorganize the organ locations
      - cardiogenic area , pericardial sac , septum transversum

आद्य गर्त ( Primitive pit )
आद्य खात ( Primitive groove )
आद्य स्थंभ / पृष्ठरज्जु ( notochord )

decidua ( माँ )
- decidua basalis पाती आधार
- decidua parietalis पाती पार्श्‍व
- decidua capsularis पाती संपुट

fertilization

CLEAVAGE The two cells formed as described above undergo a series of divisions. One cell divides first so that we have a 3 cell stage of embryo followed by 4 cell stage , a 5 cell stage etc. This process is called cleavage.

Subdivisions of cleavage