Muscle | | Origin | Insertion | Artery | Nerve | Action | Antagonist |
trapezius | समलंबिका | down midline, external occipital protuberance, nuchal ligament, medial part of superior nuchal line, spinous processes of vertebrae C7-T12 | at shoulders, lateral third of clavicle, acromion of scapula, spine of scapula | transverse cervical artery | motor: accessory nerve [CNXI] | retracts and elevates scapula | serratus anterior |
| | | | | sensory: cervical nerves C3 and C4 | | |
latissimus dorsi | कटिपार्श्वच्छदिका | spinous processes of thoracic T6-T12, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest and inferior 3 or 4 ribs | floor of intertubercular groove of humerus | subscapular artery, dorsal scapular artery | thoracodorsal nerve | pulls forelimb dorsally and caudally | deltoid, trapezius |
rhomboids | समचतुर्भुजिका | nuchal ligaments, spinous processes of C7-T5 vertebrae | medial border of scapula | dorsal scapular artery | dorsal scapular nerve (C4 and C5) | retracts scapula and rotates it to depress glenoid cavity, fixes scapula to thoracic wall | serratus anterior |
rhomboid major | | spinous processes of T2 to T5 vertebrae | medial border of scapula, inferior to insertion of rhomboid minor | | | | |
rhomboid minor | लघु अंसापकर्षणी | nuchal ligaments and spinous processes of C7- to T1 vertebrae | medial border of scapula, superior to insertion of rhomboid major | | | | |
levator scapulae | अंस उन्नमनिका | posterior tubercles of transverse processes of C1 – C4 vertebrae | superior part of medial border of scapula | | cervical nerve (C3, C4) and dorsal scapular nerve (C5) | elevates scapula, tilts glenoid cavity inferiorly by rotating scapula | |
Discussion