angiography ka matlab hain vessels ka scan karna ismein vessels ke function theek se chal rahein hain ya nahin un functions ko dekha jaata hain.liver ke vessels ko scan karna matlab liver angiography ya to gall bladder ke vessels ka scan ko hum cholangiography kehte hain.lymphangiography jismein lymphatic vessels ko scan kiya jaata hain aur renal angiography jismein kidney ke vessels ko scan kiya jaata hain.phlebography jismein veins ko scan kiya jaata hain
hysterosalpingography jismein uterus aur fallopian tube donon ko scan kiya jaata hain. urography aur pyelography. cystourethrography aur mammography electroencephalography, encephalography, echoencephalography ultrasonography bhi ek tarah ka procedure hain.
This is what we call bridges ……….. which are connected by the search and rescue team to rescue the personnel trapped in the anatomyland — SEARCH AND RESCUE TEAM = INVESTIGATION AND MANAGEMENT DONE BY DOCTORS …
SEARCH = INVESTIGATION OR MEDICAL DIAGNOSIS OR MOLECULAR DIAGNOSIS RESCUE = MANAGEMENT RELIEF FROM HAZARD = RELIEF FROM THE DISEASE
The search team first finds the site by physical examination and brief history about what had happened at the location of damage which gives them the hint about what are the steps their rescue team has to take in order to help the people in need.
they perform various scans to find and localize trapped people .
DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA –
organ failure = collapse of land ,when there is organ failure the organ damaged is either replaced by artificial organs or is maintained by external devices which are used in emergency conditions but this type of treatment is not used for long term management.
they also serve as bridges between anatomyland and search and rescue team present outside the anatomyland.
VARIOUS ROUTES OF DRUG ADMINISTRATION = BRIDGES FOR TRANSPORT OF DRUGS INTRAVENOUS = THE BRIDGES ARE MADE SO THAT THEY CONNECT THE VENOUS ROADWAY AND THE search and rescue team . SUBMUCOSAL = take through skin border NASAL ROUTE = taken through nose ORAL ROUTE = Taken by mouth INTRAMUSCULAR = taken through muscles
ACESSORY ROADS WHICH PROVIDE TRANSPORT = ARTIFICIAL TUBES endotracheal tube = nasogastric tube = intravenous catheter = urinary or foley's catheter =
Defibrillation is a treatment for life-threatening cardiac dysrhythmias, specifically ventricular fibrillation (VF) and non-perfusing ventricular tachycardia (VT). A defibrillator delivers a dose of electric current (often called a countershock) to the heart. This depolarizes a large amount of the heart muscle, ending the dysrhythmia. Subsequently, the body's natural pacemaker in the sinoatrial node of the heart is able to re-establish normal sinus rhythm.
TRAFFIC LIGHTS ARE SEMI-AUTONOMOUS,WHICH DOES NOT DEPEND ON OTHERS BUT IN CERTAIN CONDITIONS THEY ARE REGULATED BY EXTERNAL PERSONS.
Defibrillation is often an important step in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR).CPR is an algorithm-based intervention aimed to restore cardiac and pulmonary function.Defibrillation is indicated only in certain types of cardiac dysrhythmias, specifically ventricular fibrillation (VF) and pulseless ventricular tachycardia.If the heart has completely stopped, as in asystole or pulseless electrical activity (PEA), defibrillation is not indicated. Defibrillation is also not indicated if the patient is conscious or has a pulse.
Common medical indications for use include:
Acute lung injury (including ARDS, trauma) Apnea with respiratory arrest, including cases from intoxication Acute severe asthma, requiring intubation Acute on chronic respiratory acidosis most commonly with Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and obesity hypoventilation syndrome Acute respiratory acidosis with partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2) > 50 mmHg and pH < 7.25, which may be due to paralysis of the diaphragm due to Guillain–Barré syndrome, myasthenia gravis, motor neuron disease, spinal cord injury, or the effect of anaesthetic and muscle relaxant drugs Increased work of breathing as evidenced by significant tachypnea, retractions, and other physical signs of respiratory distress Hypoxemia with arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) < 55 mm Hg with supplemental fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) = 1.0 Hypotension including sepsis, shock, congestive heart failure Neurological diseases such as muscular dystrophy and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
SHORT TERM MEASURE
During anaesthesia while performing surgery —
har organ ki apni khaasiyat hain kisi bhi organ mein koi bhi pareshaani aa jaaye to wah organ ke function ko bhang kar deti hain aise condition mein agar doctors un function ka dhyaan na rakhe to aadmi ki mrutyu ho sakti hain.
heart ke function ko maintain karne ke liye yaani agar heart ke conducting tissue mein koi gadbadi aaye ya to phir pacemaker tissue mein koi pareshaani aaye to hum usse artificial pacemaker ke dvaara replace kar sakte hain.
lung ke functions ko maintain karne ke liye oxygen mask diya jaata hain ya naak ke andar ek catheter tube ghusaaya jaata hain jiske dvaara lungs mein seedhe oxygen ko bheja jaata hain jab aadmi naak se saans nahi le paata hain tab.
jab aadmi mutramarg se pishaab nahi kar paata ya uth nahi paata ek jagah par se tab uske muta marg mein urinary catheter rakha jaata hain jiske dvaara wah pishaab karta hain.
jab aadmi khaana nahi khaa paata hain aur uska bhojan nahi ho paata tab khoon mein glucose ki matra kam ho jaati hain tab usse intravenous glucose diya jaata hain ya dehydration ke samay saline diya jaata hain.aadmi jab apne muh se khaana nahi khaa paata to usse taakat yaani strength nahi mil sakta jo food ke dvaara hamein milta hain tab usse hum venous route ke dvaara fluids dete hain jismein glucose aur dosre materials rehte hain jiske kaaran wah maintain kar sakta hain apne sharir ko.ess tarah ke poshan ya nutrition ko hum parenteral nutrition kehte hain.
other therapeutic procedures catheter ablation-ess procedure mein catheter ko blood vessels ke dvaara hruday ke paas bheja jaata hain aur phir jis tissue se electricity ka conduction ho raha hain,uss tissue ko heat ke dvaara destroy kiya jaata hain.defibrillation mein defibrillator ke dvaara electricity paas kiya jaata hain and cardioversion.
dialysis
mechanical ventilation, oxygen mask,
gynecology kein upyog kiye jaane vale procedures jaise endometrial ablation jismein tissue ko heat ke dvaara destroy kiya jaata hain.
obstetrics mein upyog kiye jaane vale procedures hain jaise suction aspirationaur isse hum vaccum apsiration bhi keh sakte hain, dilatation and extraction.
suction aur aspiration ismein kai tarah ke procedures hain jaise needle aspiration biopsy, nasogastric intubation