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- | ====== HINDI ADVERBS ====== | ||
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- | Definition: Those words that tell us more about action are called Adverb. | ||
- | परिभाषा :- क्रिया की विषेशता बताने वाले शब्दों को क्रिया विषेशण कहते है। | ||
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- | जैसें (For Example) :- | ||
- | - लता मंगेषकर अच्छा गाती है। (रीति – Method). Lata Mangashgar aacha gati hai.(Lata Mangashgar sings very well) | ||
- | - दीपावली कल मनाई जाएगी। (समय – Time). | ||
- | - वह ऊपर गया है। (स्थान – Place). Veh uppar gaya hai. (He has gone above.) | ||
- | - उसे भी थोडा पढने दो । (परिमाण – Quantity). Usse bhi thoda padne do. (Let him also study a little.) | ||
- | The underlined words, अच्छा (Good), कल (Tomorrow), ऊपर (Above) , थोडा (a little) tell us the method, time, place, quantity etc of the action respectively. | ||
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- | In Hindi, we can further divide Adverb into 4 important classes of Adverb. Let us see these 4 different types of Adverb: | ||
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- | ==== 1. रीतिवाचक क्रिया विषेशण (Adverb of Manner) :- ==== | ||
- | In Hindi, those words that tell us the method of the action are known as Adverb of Manner. | ||
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- | जैसे (For example) :- | ||
- | - वे हमारी कहानी ध्यानपूर्वक सुन रहे थे। Veh hamari kahani dhayanpurvak sun rahe the. (They were listening to our story carefully.) | ||
- | - माँ ने पुत्री को भली भाँति समझा दिया था। Maa ne putri ko bhalibhati samjha diya tha. (Mother made her daughter clearly understood.) | ||
- | The underlined words, ध्यानपूर्वक (carefully) and भली भाँति (clearly) are adverb of manner as they tell us the manner of action. Similarly, | ||
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- | In Hindi, रीतिवाचक क्रिया विषेशण | ||
- | - विधि वाचक (Method) – धीरे-धीरे (slowly), हाथों हाथ (on hand), सुखपूर्वक (happily), शीघ्र (urgently)। | ||
- | - निष्चयवाचक (Decisiveness) – जरूर (sure), नि: सन्देह (without doubt) । | ||
- | - अनिष्चयवाचक (Indecisiveness) – अक्सर (occasionly), | ||
- | - हेतु वाचक (Purpose) – अतएव (atlast), इसलिए (therefore), | ||
- | - निशेधवाचक (Prohibtion) – नहीं (no), मत (don’t) , न (don’t/ | ||
- | - प्रष्न वाचक (Interrogative) – कैसे (how), क्यों (why) । | ||
- | - स्वीकृतिवाचक (Permission) – हाँ (yes), जी (yes), सच (truth), बिल्कुल (sure), ठीक (right)। | ||
- | - अवधारण वाचक (Concept) – भर (full), तक (upto, by), मात्र (only) । | ||
- | - आकस्मिकतावाचक (Suddenness) – अचानक , एकाएक , अकस्मात, | ||
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- | ^ MANTRAKSHAR | ||
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- | | | अकेला | ||
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- | ==== 2. कालवाचक क्रिया विषेशण (Adverb of Time) ==== | ||
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- | In Hindi, those words which give us the information about the time of a action is called Adverb of Time. | ||
- | जैसे (For Example) :- | ||
- | - माता जी अभी गई हैं। Mata ji abhi gayi hain. (Mother has just gone.) | ||
- | - मैं कल तुम्हारे घर गया था। Mein tumhare ghar kal gaya tha. (I went to your house yesterday.) | ||
- | Adverb of time are divided into 3 types, according to what they tell about the time of action as: | ||
- | - कालबिन्दु वाचक (Point):- आज (Today), कल (Tomorrow, Yesterday), परसों (Day before/ | ||
- | - अवधि वाचक (Duration) :- आजकल (nowdays), सदैव (always), रातभर (all through night), दिनभर (all through day)। | ||
- | - बारम्बारता वाचक (Frequency) :- हर दिन (each day), रोज (daily), प्रतिदिन (everyday), प्रति वर्ष(every year)। | ||
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- | ^ MANTRAKSHAR | ||
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- | ==== 3. स्थानवाचक क्रिया विषेशण (Adverb of Place) :- ==== | ||
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- | Those words which tell about the place or direction of the action. | ||
- | जैसे (For example):- | ||
- | - बच्चे ऊपर खेल रहे हैं। Bacche uppar khel rahe hain. (Children are playing upstairs.) | ||
- | - पिताजी अन्दर बैठे है। | ||
- | The underlined words, ऊपर (upstairs, above) and अन्दर (inside) give information regarding the place and direction of action. | ||
- | These adverbs are also of 2 types, according to what they tell about the place/ | ||
- | - स्थिति वाचक (Position) :- आप-पास (Nearby), आर-पार (Across), चारों ओर (Everywhere), | ||
- | - दिशा वाचक (Direction) :- आमने – सामने (Across each other), ऊपर (Above), नीचे (Below), दाएँ (Right), बाएँ (Left), इधर -उधर (Here and there) । | ||
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- | | यहां | अत्र | {{: | ||
- | | वहाँ | तत्र | {{: | ||
- | | वहाँ | | {{: | ||
- | | हर जगह | सर्वत्र | {{: | ||
- | | कहीं भी | अन्यत्र | {{: | ||
- | | कहीं नहीं | अकुत्र | {{: | ||
- | | दूर | | {{: | ||
- | | बाहर | बहीः | {{: | ||
- | ==== 4. परिमाणवाचक क्रिया विषेशण (Adverb of Quantity ) :- ==== | ||
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- | Those words which give the measure (quantity) of action are called Adverb of Quantity. | ||
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- | जैसे (For example):- | ||
- | - अब में बिल्कुल थक चुका हूँ। | ||
- | - उतना खाना चाहिए जितना पच सके। Utna khana chahiye jitna pach sake. (We should eat that much which can be digested.) | ||
- | The underlined words, बिल्कुल (surely) , उतना (that much), जितना ( as much) are adverb of quantity. | ||
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- | These are further divided into 5 types, according to what they tell about the quantity of action as: | ||
- | - अधिकतावाचक (Excess) – खूब (Abundant), अत्यन्त (Extreme), अधिक (More)। | ||
- | - न्यूनतावाचक (Minimal) – कम (less), थोडा (little)। | ||
- | - पर्याप्तवाचक (Adequate) – पर्याप्त (enough) , काफी (enough/ | ||
- | - तुलनावाचक (Comparision) – कितना (How much), जितना (as much), इतना (this much), उतना (that much)। | ||
- | - श्रेणीवाचक (Category) – बारी-बारी से (one by one), कम से (as little), थोडा-थोड़ा (little by little)। | ||
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- | ==== LIST OF ADVERBS ==== | ||
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- | ^ ^ ^ MANTRAKSHAR ^ | ||
- | | | सदा | {{: | ||
- | | अक्सर or बारंबार | बहुधा | {{: | ||
- | | आमतौर पर | सामान्यतः | {{: | ||
- | | कभी कभी | अन्यदा | {{: | ||
- | | कभी कभी | अनुकाल | {{: | ||
- | | | कदाचित | {{: | ||
- | | शायद ही कभी | विरल | {{: | ||
- | | कभी नहीं | कदापि नहीं | {{: | ||
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- | ===== MODIFIED ADVERBS ===== | ||
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- | ^ SANSKRIT | ||
- | | अंततः | आखिरकार | {{: | ||
- | | अनभिप्रायपूर्वक | बिना इरादे के | {{: | ||
- | | अनवरत | लगातार | {{: | ||
- | | अनियमित रूप से | बे कायदे से | {{: | ||
- | | अनिवार्य , आवश्यक | जरूरत से | {{: | ||
- | | अनुक्रमशः | बारी बारी से | {{: | ||
- | | अनुमान से | अदाज़े से | {{: | ||
- | | अनुसार | मुताबिक | {{: | ||
- | | अनैच्छिक रूप से | बिना मर्जी के | {{: | ||
- | | अनैच्छिक रूप से | बिना शौक से | {{: | ||
- | | अप्रत्याशित रूप से | बे उम्मीद से | {{: | ||
- | | अभिप्रायपूर्वक | जान भूझ कर , इरादे से | {{: | ||
- | | आत्मविश्वास से | एतेमाद से | {{: | ||
- | | इच्छा पूर्वक | शौक से | {{: | ||
- | | किस्मत से | भाग्यवश | {{: | ||
- | | क्रमानुगत | लगातार | {{: | ||
- | | तत्काल , तत्क्षण | एक लम्हे में | {{: | ||
- | | तदानंदर , तत्पश्चात | उसके बाद से | {{: | ||
- | | तुरंत , | फौरन | {{: | ||
- | | दुर्भाग्य से | बदकिस्मती से | {{: | ||
- | | नियमित रूप से | कायदे से | {{: | ||
- | | निरंतर | | {{: | ||
- | | निरुद्देश्यता से | बे तरकीब से | {{: | ||
- | | निश्चित रूप से | यकीनन | {{: | ||
- | | निश्चित रूप से | अलबत्ता | {{: | ||
- | | निष्ठापूर्वक | ईमानदारी से | {{: | ||
- | | परिणामतः , फलस्वरूप | लहाज़ा | {{: | ||
- | | पृथक्तःरूप से | अलग से | {{: | ||
- | | प्रत्याशित रूप से | उम्मीद से | {{: | ||
- | | प्रसामान्य | आम तौर से | {{: | ||
- | | प्राकृतिक रूप से | कुदरती तौर से | {{: | ||
- | | प्रायः | | {{: | ||
- | | प्रासंगिक ढंग से | मौके वारदात से | {{: | ||
- | | फलतः | आखिरकार | {{: | ||
- | | बहुधा | अक्सर | {{: | ||
- | | बिल्कुल | ठीक ठाक से | {{: | ||
- | | मंदता से | धीरे से , आहिस्ता | {{: | ||
- | | विकल्पतः , प्रकारांतरेन | बारी बारी से | {{: | ||
- | | विरल | कभी कभी | {{: | ||
- | | श्रद्धापूर्वक | | {{: | ||
- | | संदेह से | मशकूक | {{: | ||
- | | संयुक्त रूप से | मिल जुल कर | {{: | ||
- | | संयोग से | इत्तेफाक | {{: | ||
- | | समांतर | सीधे सीधे | {{: | ||
- | | सहसा | अचानक , अकस्मात | {{: | ||
- | | साथ साथ | साथ साथ | {{: | ||
- | | सादृश्यता से | ऐसे य वैसे | {{: | ||
- | | साधारणतः | आम तौर से | {{: | ||
- | | सामान्यतः | आम तौर से | {{: | ||
- | | स्वेच्छा से | मर्जी से | {{: | ||
- | | | जल्दी से , तेजी से | {{: | ||
- | | | अनजाने से | {{: | ||
- | | | ना चाहते हुए | {{: | ||
- | | | चाहते हुए | {{: | ||
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- | ===== list of adverbs ===== | ||
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- | | Again and again | वारं वारं | ||
- | | All the day long | समग्रदिवसम | ||
- | | At first | सर्वप्रथमम | ||
- | | At last | अन्ततः | ||
- | | At least | सर्वशेषे | ||
- | | At once | अविलम्बेन | ||
- | | Betimes | ||
- | | By mistake | ||
- | | Early | ||
- | | Every where | सर्वत्र | ||
- | | Fortunately | ||
- | | Here | ||
- | | Imperceptibly | ||
- | | Instantly | ||
- | | Just now | एतन्मात्राम | ||
- | | Long ago | अनेकदिनात्प्राक | ||
- | | No Now | कुत्रापि न | कहीं से नहीं | ||
- | | Off and On | मध्ये मध्ये | ||
- | | On the occasion | ||
- | | Once | ||
- | | Probably | ||
- | | Recently | ||
- | | Suddenly | ||
- | | Then | ||
- | | Thence | ||
- | | There | ||
- | | Untimely | ||
- | | Very | ||
- | | When ever | यदा | ||
- | | Where | ||
- | | Whiter | ||
- | | Wisely | ||
- | | Accordingly | ||
- | | Across | ||
- | | Again | पुनः | ||
- | | All Along | सर्वदा | ||
- | | All Over | चतुर्दिक्षु | ||
- | | All the year round | समग्रवत्सरः | ||
- | | Almost | ||
- | | Already | ||
- | | Always | ||
- | | As | यथा | ||
- | | At hand | निकटे | ||
- | | At once | तत्क्षणात | ||
- | | At the end | अवशेषे | ||
- | | At the glance | ||
- | | Attentively | ||
- | | Before | ||
- | | By chance | ||
- | | By nature | ||
- | | By the time | समयेSस्मिन | ||
- | | Carefully | ||
- | | Careless | ||
- | | Certainly | ||
- | | Clearly | ||
- | | closely | ||
- | | Daily | प्रतिदिनम | ||
- | | Day to Day | अनुदिनम | ||
- | | Downwards | ||
- | | Early | पूर्वे | ||
- | | Far away | दूरे | ||
- | | For life | यावज्जीवनम | ||
- | | For The person | ||
- | | From This day | अद्यारम्भ | ||
- | | Gradually | ||
- | | Hence | इतः | ||
- | | How | कथम | ||
- | | Idly | अलसेन | ||
- | | In all | आहत्य | ||
- | | In course of time | कालक्रमेण | ||
- | | In Disguise | ||
- | | In fact | प्रकृतपक्षे | ||
- | | In the aggregate | ||
- | | In the long run | परिणामेन | ||
- | | Indistinctly | ||
- | | Inside | ||
- | | Intime | ||
- | | Kindly | ||
- | | Lastly | ||
- | | Late | चिरेण | ||
- | | Loudly | ||
- | | Mean While | इत्यवसरे | ||
- | | Minutely | ||
- | | more | अधिकम | ||
- | | More or less | स्वल्पाधिके | ||
- | | Never | येन केन प्रकारेण | ||
- | | No/ | ||
- | | Now | अधुना | ||
- | | Now-a-day | ||
- | | Of course | ||
- | | Of course | ||
- | | On the condition | ||
- | | On the contrary | ||
- | | Once | एकवारम | ||
- | | Only | केवलम | ||
- | | openly | ||
- | | Out | बहिः | ||
- | | Presently | ||
- | | Presently | ||
- | | Privately | ||
- | | Quickly | ||
- | | Quite | सर्वथा | ||
- | | Rather | ||
- | | secretly | ||
- | | Silently | ||
- | | Slowly | ||
- | | Some time ago | कियत्कालपूर्वं | ||
- | | Some what | किञ्चित | ||
- | | Sometimes | ||
- | | Such | एवम | ||
- | | Thrice | ||
- | | Thus | इथ्यम | ||
- | | Too | अपि | ||
- | | Topsyturvy | ||
- | | Towards | ||
- | | Twice | द्विवारम | ||
- | | Upwards | ||
- | | What | किम | ||
- | | When | कदा | ||
- | | Whence | ||
- | | Whence | ||
- | | Why | कुतः | ||
- | | Willingly | ||
- | | With | सह | ||
- | | Yes | आम | ||