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- | ====== LOOSE CONNECTIVE TISSUE ====== | ||
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- | Loose connective tissue (also called areolar connective tissue) is a category of connective tissue which includes areolar tissue, reticular tissue, and adipose tissue. Loose connective tissue is the most common type of connective tissue in vertebrates. It holds organs in place and attaches epithelial tissue to other underlying tissues. For example, it forms telae, such as the tela submucosa and tela subserosa, which connect mucous and serous membranes to the muscular layer. It also surrounds the blood vessels and nerves. Cells called fibroblasts are widely dispersed in this tissue; they are irregular branching cells that secrete strong fibrous proteins and proteoglycans as an extracellular matrix. The cells of this type of tissue are generally separated by quite some distance by a gelatinous substance primarily made up of collagenous and elastic fibers. | ||
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- | Where is aerolar tissue absent Usually "loose connective tissue" | ||
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- | ==== Structure ==== | ||
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- | **Composition** | ||
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- | Schematic representation of the composition of loose connective tissue | ||
- | It is a pliable, mesh-like tissue with a fluid matrix and functions to cushion and protect body organs. | ||
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- | Fibroblasts are widely dispersed in this tissue; they are irregular branching cells that secrete strong fibrous proteins and proteoglycans as an extracellular matrix. | ||
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- | The cells of this type of tissue are generally connected by a gelatinous substance known as ground substance primarily made up of collagenous and elastic fibers. | ||
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- | **Location** | ||
- | It may be found in tissue sections from almost every part of the body. It surrounds blood vessels and nerves and penetrates with them even into the small spaces of muscles, tendons, and other tissues. It may likewise be present in the mediastinal extremities. Nearly every epithelium rests on a layer of areolar tissue, whose blood vessels provide the epithelium with nutrition, waste removal, and a ready supply of infection-fighting leukocytes when needed. Because of the abundance of open, fluid-filled space, leukocytes can move about freely in areolar tissue and can easily find and destroy pathogens. | ||
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- | The areolar tissue is found beneath the epidermis layer and is also underneath the epithelial tissue of all the body systems that have external openings. it makes the skin elastic and helps it to withstand pulling pain. It is also a component of the lamina propria of the digestive and respiratory tracts, the mucous membranes of reproductive and urinary systems, the stroma of glands, and the hypodermis of the skin. It is also found in the mesentery which is surrounding the intestine. | ||
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- | **Fibers** | ||
- | Loose connective tissue is named based on the " | ||
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- | Collagenous fibers: collagenous fibers are made of collagen and consist of bundles of fibrils that are coils of collagen molecules. | ||
- | Elastic fibers: elastic fibers are made of elastin and are " | ||
- | Reticular fibers: reticular fibers consist of one or more types of very thin collagen fibers. They join connective tissues to other tissues. | ||
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- | ==== Areolar tissue ==== | ||
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- | Areolar tissue (/ | ||
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- | {{: | ||
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- | ==== Function ==== | ||
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- | Areolar connective tissue holds organs in place and attaches epithelial tissue to other underlying tissues. It also serves as a reservoir of water and salts for surrounding tissues. Almost all cells obtain their nutrients from and release their wastes into areolar connective tissue. | ||
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- | ==== Clinical significance ==== | ||