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| en:back-of-neck [2023/06/18 06:09] – brahmantra | en:back-of-neck [] () – - () 127.0.0.1 | ||
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| - | ====== BACK OF NECK ====== | ||
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| - | * Back | ||
| - | * Back of neck or nape | ||
| - | * Nerve supply | ||
| - | * Medial branches of dorsal Rami of | ||
| - | * C2 greater occipital | ||
| - | * C3 third occipital nerve | ||
| - | * Intrinsic muscles of back | ||
| - | * Ligamentum nuchae | ||
| - | * Separates muscles of two sides | ||
| - | * Muscles of nape | ||
| - | * 4 layers superficial to deep | ||
| - | * 1. Trapezius and latissimus dorsi | ||
| - | * 2. Levator scapulae , rhomboids , serratus posterior superior | ||
| - | * Splenius ( capitis and cervicis | ||
| - | * 3. Erector spinae or sacrospinalis | ||
| - | * Iliocostalis | ||
| - | * Longissimus | ||
| - | * Spianlis | ||
| - | * 4. Multifudus , rotatores , interspinales , intertransversii and suboccipital muscles | ||
| - | * Suboccipital triangle | ||
| - | * Suboccipital muscles | ||
| - | * Rectus capitis posterior ( major and minor ) | ||
| - | * Obliquus capitis ( superior and inferior ) | ||
| - | * Arteries | ||
| - | * Occipital artery | ||
| - | * Deep cervical artery | ||
| - | * Third part of vertebral artery | ||
| - | * Exposure | ||
| - | * Skin | ||
| - | * Superficial fascia | ||
| - | * Boundaries | ||
| - | * Superomedially | ||
| - | * Superior oblique capitis muscle | ||
| - | * Superolaterally | ||
| - | * Superior oblique capitis muscle | ||
| - | * Inferiorly | ||
| - | * Inferior oblique capitis muscle | ||
| - | * Roof | ||
| - | * Medially | ||
| - | * Dense fibrous tissue | ||
| - | * Laterally | ||
| - | * Longissimus capitis | ||
| - | * Floor | ||
| - | * Posterior arch of atlas | ||
| - | * Posterior atlantooccipital membrane | ||
| - | * | ||
| - | * Contents | ||
| - | * Third part of vertebral artery | ||
| - | * Dorsal ramus of C1 nerve ( suboccipital nerve ) | ||
| - | * Suboccipital plexus of veins | ||
| - | * | ||
| - | * Occipital artery | ||
| - | * Arises opposite to facial artery from ECA | ||
| - | * Course | ||
| - | * Runs backwards and upwards | ||
| - | * Deep to lower border of belly of digastric muscle | ||
| - | * Crosses carotid sheath and accessory and hypoglossal nerves | ||
| - | * | ||
| - | * | ||
| - | * Prevertebral muscles ( anterior vertebral muscles ) | ||
| - | * Lognus colli ( cervicis ) | ||
| - | * Longus capitis | ||
| - | * Rectus capitis anterior | ||
| - | * Rectus capitis Lateralis | ||
| - | * | ||
| - | * | ||
| - | * | ||
| - | * Vertebral artery | ||
| - | * First part | ||
| - | * | ||
| - | * Course | ||
| - | * Runs upwards | ||
| - | * Scalenovertebral triangle | ||
| - | * | ||
| - | * Boundaries | ||
| - | * | ||
| - | * Medial : oblique part of longus colli muscle | ||
| - | * Apex : transverse process of cervical vertebra | ||
| - | * Base : first part of subclavian artery | ||
| - | * Posterior wall : transverse process of C7 , ventral ramus of C8 nerve , neck of first rib | ||
| - | * | ||
| - | * Relations | ||
| - | * Anterior | ||
| - | * Carotid sheath with common carotid artery | ||
| - | * Vertebral vein | ||
| - | * Inferior thyroid artery | ||
| - | * Thoracic duct on left side | ||
| - | * Posterior | ||
| - | * Transverse process of 7 th cervical vertebra | ||
| - | * Stellate ganglion | ||
| - | * Ventral Rami of nerves C7 , C8 | ||
| - | * | ||
| - | * | ||
| - | * Second part | ||
| - | * Runs through foramina transversria of upper 6 cervical vertebra | ||
| - | * Finally reaches foramen of atlas | ||
| - | * | ||
| - | * Relations | ||
| - | * .accompanied by venous plexus and a large branch from stellate ganglion | ||
| - | * Ventral Rami of second to 6 th cervical nerves | ||
| - | * | ||
| - | * Third part | ||
| - | * Lies in suboccipital triangle | ||
| - | * Emerges from atlas | ||
| - | * Winds medially around posterior aspect of arch of atlas | ||
| - | * Relations | ||
| - | * Medial : ventral ramus of first cervical nerve | ||
| - | * Lateral : rectus capitis Lateralis | ||
| - | * Posterior : semispinalis capitis | ||
| - | * Anterior : lateral mass of atlas | ||
| - | * | ||
| - | * Fourth part | ||
| - | * Atlantooccipital membrane to pons | ||
| - | * Vertebral canal it pierces duramater | ||
| - | * At lower border of pons it joins to form basilar artery | ||
| - | * | ||
| - | * Branches | ||
| - | * Cervical branches | ||
| - | * Arise from 4 th part | ||
| - | * | ||
| - | * Posterior spinal artery | ||
| - | * Posterior inferior cerebellar artery | ||
| - | * Meningeal branches | ||
| - | * | ||
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