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| en:list-of-muscles [2022/04/03 03:43] – [Table] brahmantra | en:list-of-muscles [2023/03/31 10:41] () – [Table] brahmantra |
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| ==== FOREHEAD ==== | ==== FOREHEAD ==== |
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| ^ Muscle ^ ^ Origin ^ Insertion ^ Artery ^ Nerve ^ Action ^ Antagonist ^ | ^ Muscle ^ MANTRAKSHAR ^ HINDI ^ Origin ^ Insertion ^ Artery ^ Nerve ^ Action ^ Antagonist ^ |
| | occipitofrontalis | (पश्चकपाल ललाटिका | 2 occipital bellies and 2 frontal bellies | epicranial aponeurosis | | facial nerve [CNVII] | raises eyebrows | | | | occipitofrontalis | {{:muscles:occipitofrons.png}} | (पश्चकपाल ललाटिका | 2 occipital bellies and 2 frontal bellies | epicranial aponeurosis | | facial nerve [CNVII] | raises eyebrows | | |
| | occipitalis | ( पश्चकपाल | superior nuchal line of occipital bone, mastoid part of temporal bone | | occipital artery | posterior auricular nerve (facial nerve [CNVII]) | retracts scalp | | | | occipitalis | {{:muscles:occipitalis.png}} | ( पश्चकपाल | superior nuchal line of occipital bone, mastoid part of temporal bone | | occipital artery | posterior auricular nerve (facial nerve [CNVII]) | retracts scalp | | |
| | frontalis | ललाटिका | skin of eyebrow and glabella | | ophthalmic artery | temporal branch of facial nerve [CNVII] | wrinkles eyebrow | | | | frontalis | {{:muscles:frontalis.png}} | ललाटिका | skin of eyebrow and glabella | | ophthalmic artery | temporal branch of facial nerve [CNVII] | wrinkles eyebrow | | |
| | orbicularis oculi | (नेत्र मंडलिका) | orbital part: frontal bone | orbital part: lateral palpebral raphe | ophthalmic artery, zygomatico-orbital artery, angular artery | zygomatic branch of facial nerve [CNVII] | closes eyelids | levator palpebrae superioris | | | orbicularis oculi | {{:muscles:orbiculrs_oculi.png}} | (नेत्र मंडलिका) | orbital part: frontal bone | orbital part: lateral palpebral raphe | ophthalmic artery, zygomatico-orbital artery, angular artery | zygomatic branch of facial nerve [CNVII] | closes eyelids | levator palpebrae superioris | |
| | | | palpebral part: medial palpebral ligament | palpebral part: lateral palpebral raphe | | | | | | | | | | palpebral part: medial palpebral ligament | palpebral part: lateral palpebral raphe | | | | | |
| | | | lacrimal part: posterior crest of lacrimal bone | lacrimal part: Edges of eyelids | | | | | | | | | | lacrimal part: posterior crest of lacrimal bone | lacrimal part: Edges of eyelids | | | | | |
| | corrugator supercilii | (भ्रूभंगिका) | nasal part of frontal bone | intermediate third of skin of eyebrow | ophthalmic artery | zygomatic branch of facial nerve [CNVII] | moves skin of forehead medially and inferiorly (towards root of nose) | | | | corrugator supercilii | {{:muscles:corrugator_supercili.png}} | (भ्रूभंगिका) | nasal part of frontal bone | intermediate third of skin of eyebrow | ophthalmic artery | zygomatic branch of facial nerve [CNVII] | moves skin of forehead medially and inferiorly (towards root of nose) | | |
| | depressor supercilii | ( भ्रू अवनमनिका ) | nasal part of frontal bone, medial rim of orbit | medial third of skin of eyebrow | | | moves skin of eyebrows inferiorly | | | | depressor supercilii | {{:muscles:depress_supercili.png}} | ( भ्रू अवनमनिका ) | nasal part of frontal bone, medial rim of orbit | medial third of skin of eyebrow | | | moves skin of eyebrows inferiorly | | |
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| ==== EYE ==== | ==== EYE ==== |
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| ^ Muscle ^ ^ Origin ^ Insertion ^ Artery ^ Nerve ^ Action ^ Antagonist ^ | ^ Muscle ^ MANTRAKSHAR ^ HINDI ^ Origin ^ Insertion ^ Artery ^ Nerve ^ Action ^ Antagonist ^ |
| | levator palpebrae superioris | (ऊर्ध्व नेत्रच्छद उन्नमनिका) | sphenoid bone | tarsal plate, upper eyelid | ophthalmic artery | oculomotor nerve [CNIII] | retracts and elevates eyelid | orbicularis oculi | | | levator palpebrae superioris | {{:muscles:levator_palpebra_super.png}} | (ऊर्ध्व नेत्रच्छद उन्नमनिका) | sphenoid bone | tarsal plate, upper eyelid | ophthalmic artery | oculomotor nerve [CNIII] | retracts and elevates eyelid | orbicularis oculi | |
| | superior tarsal | | underside of levator palpebrae superioris | superior tarsal plate of eyelid | | sympathetic nervous system | raises upper eyelid | | | | superior tarsal | | | underside of levator palpebrae superioris | superior tarsal plate of eyelid | | sympathetic nervous system | raises upper eyelid | | |
| | Rectus muscles | | | | | | | | | | Rectus muscles | | | | | | | | | |
| | superior | | annulus of Zinn at orbital apex | 7.5 mm superior to corneal limbus | ophthalmic artery | superior branch of oculomotor nerve [CNIII] | elevates, adducts, and medially rotates eye | | | | superior | {{:muscles:superior_rectus.png}} | | annulus of Zinn at orbital apex | 7.5 mm superior to corneal limbus | ophthalmic artery | superior branch of oculomotor nerve [CNIII] | elevates, adducts, and medially rotates eye | | |
| | inferior | | | 6.5 mm inferior to corneal limbus | | inferior branch of oculomotor nerve [CNIII] | depresses and adducts eye | | | | inferior |{{:muscles:inferior_rectus.png}} | | | 6.5 mm inferior to corneal limbus | | inferior branch of oculomotor nerve [CNIII] | depresses and adducts eye | | |
| | medial | | | 5.5 mm medial to corneal limbus | | inferior branch of oculomotor nerve [CNIII] | adducts eye | | | | medial | {{:muscles:medial_rectus.png}} | | | 5.5 mm medial to corneal limbus | | inferior branch of oculomotor nerve [CNIII] | adducts eye | | |
| | lateral | | | 7 mm temporal to corneal limbus | | abducens nerve [CNVI] | abducts eye | | | | lateral | {{:muscles:lateral_rectus.png}} | | | 7 mm temporal to corneal limbus | | abducens nerve [CNVI] | abducts eye | | |
| | Oblique muscles | | | | | | | | | | Oblique muscles | | | | | | | | | |
| | superior | | annulus of Zinn at orbital apex, medial to optic canal | outer posterior quadrant of eyeball | lateral muscular branch of ophthalmic artery | trochlear nerve [CNIV] | intorts, abducts, and depress eye | | | | superior | {{:muscles:superior_oblq.png}} | | annulus of Zinn at orbital apex, medial to optic canal | outer posterior quadrant of eyeball | lateral muscular branch of ophthalmic artery | trochlear nerve [CNIV] | intorts, abducts, and depress eye | | |
| | inferior | | orbital surface of maxilla, lateral to lacrimal groove | laterally onto eyeball, deep to lateral rectus, by a short flat tendon | | oculomotor nerve [CNIII] | extorts, elevates, and abducts eye | | | | inferior | {{:muscles:inferior_oblique.png}} | | orbital surface of maxilla, lateral to lacrimal groove | laterally onto eyeball, deep to lateral rectus, by a short flat tendon | | oculomotor nerve [CNIII] | extorts, elevates, and abducts eye | | |
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| ==== EAR ==== | ==== EAR ==== |
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| ^ Muscle ^ ^ Origin ^ Insertion ^ Artery ^ Nerve ^ Action ^ Antagonist ^ | ^ Muscle ^ MANTRAKSHAR ^ HINDI ^ Origin ^ Insertion ^ Artery ^ Nerve ^ Action ^ Antagonist ^ |
| | temporoparietalis | (शंखच्छद | auriculares muscles | epicranial aponeurosis | | facial nerve [CNVII] | | | | | temporoparietalis | | (शंखच्छद | auriculares muscles | epicranial aponeurosis | | facial nerve [CNVII] | | | |
| | Auriculares | | | | | | | | | | Auriculares | | | | | | | | | |
| | auricularis anterior | | temporal fascia | front of helix of ear | posterior auricular artery | facial nerve [CNVII] | pulls auricle forwards | | | | auricularis anterior | {{:muscles:auric_anter.png}} | | temporal fascia | front of helix of ear | posterior auricular artery | facial nerve [CNVII] | pulls auricle forwards | | |
| | auricularis superior | | epicranial aponeurosis | dorsocranial surface of auricle | | | pulls auricle upwards | | | | auricularis superior | {{:muscles:auricularis_sup.png}} | | epicranial aponeurosis | dorsocranial surface of auricle | | | pulls auricle upwards | | |
| | auricularis posterior | | mastoid process of temporal bone, tendon of sternocleidomastoid | dorsal part of auricle | | | pulls auricle backwards | | | | auricularis posterior | {{:muscles:auricul_post.png}} | | mastoid process of temporal bone, tendon of sternocleidomastoid | dorsal part of auricle | | | pulls auricle backwards | | |
| ^ Muscles of inner ear | | | | | | | | | ^ Muscles of inner ear | | | | | | | | | |
| | stapedius | (रकाबिका पेशी) | tip of pyramid of middle ear | neck of stapes | stapedial branch of posterior auricular artery | facial nerve [CNVII] | reduces movement of stapes, controls amplitude of sound waves to inner ear | | | | stapedius | | (रकाबिका पेशी) | tip of pyramid of middle ear | neck of stapes | stapedial branch of posterior auricular artery | facial nerve [CNVII] | reduces movement of stapes, controls amplitude of sound waves to inner ear | | |
| | tensor tympani | ( तानिका | Eustachian tube | handle of malleus | superior tympanic artery | medial pterygoid nerve from mandibular nerve [CNV3] | tenses tympanic membrane, controls amplitude of sound waves to inner ear | | | | tensor tympani | {{:muscles:tensor_tympani.png}} | ( तानिका | Eustachian tube | handle of malleus | superior tympanic artery | medial pterygoid nerve from mandibular nerve [CNV3] | tenses tympanic membrane, controls amplitude of sound waves to inner ear | | |
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| ^ Muscle ^ ^ Origin ^ Insertion ^ Artery ^ Nerve ^ Action ^ Antagonist ^ | ^ Muscle ^ MANTRAKSHAR ^ HINDI ^ Origin ^ Insertion ^ Artery ^ Nerve ^ Action ^ Antagonist ^ |
| | (procerus) | भ्रूनमनी | fascia over lower part of nasal bone | skin of lower part of forehead between eyebrows | facial artery | buccal branch of facial nerve [CNVII] | draws down medial angle of eyebrow (giving expressions of frowning) | | | | (procerus) | {{:muscles:procerus.png}} | भ्रूनमनी | fascia over lower part of nasal bone | skin of lower part of forehead between eyebrows | facial artery | buccal branch of facial nerve [CNVII] | draws down medial angle of eyebrow (giving expressions of frowning) | | |
| | depressor septi nasi | नासा अवनमनिका | incisive fossa of maxilla | nasal septum and back part of alar part of nasalis | superior labial artery | | depresses nasal septum | | | | depressor septi nasi | {{:muscles:depres_septi_nasii.png}} | नासा अवनमनिका | incisive fossa of maxilla | nasal septum and back part of alar part of nasalis | superior labial artery | | depresses nasal septum | | |
| | levator labii superioris alaeque nasi | नासा विस्फारक ओष्ठ उन्नमनिका | frontal process of maxilla | nostril and upper lip | superior labial artery | | dilates nostril, elevates upper lip, elevates wing of nose | | | | levator labii superioris alaeque nasi | | नासा विस्फारक ओष्ठ उन्नमनिका | frontal process of maxilla | nostril and upper lip | superior labial artery | | dilates nostril, elevates upper lip, elevates wing of nose | | |
| | nasalis | | | | | | | | | | nasalis | | | | | | | | | |
| | transverse part | | alveolar yoke of canine tooth | lateral nasal cartilage | superior labial artery | buccal branch of facial nerve [CNVII] | compresses nostrils | | | | transverse part | | | alveolar yoke of canine tooth | lateral nasal cartilage | superior labial artery | buccal branch of facial nerve [CNVII] | compresses nostrils | | |
| | (compressor naris) | नासा संपीडनी | | | | | | | | | (compressor naris) | | नासा संपीडनी | | | | | | | |
| | alar part | | alveolar yoke of lateral incisor tooth, greater and lesser alar cartilages | skin near margin of nostril | | | dilates nostrils | | | | alar part | | | alveolar yoke of lateral incisor tooth, greater and lesser alar cartilages | skin near margin of nostril | | | dilates nostrils | | |
| | (dilator naris) | नासा विस्फारिका | | | | | | | | | (dilator naris) | | नासा विस्फारिका | | | | | | | |
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| ^ Muscle ^ ^ Origin ^ Insertion ^ Artery ^ Nerve ^ Action ^ Antagonist ^ | ^ Muscle ^ MANTRAKSHAR ^ HINDI ^ Origin ^ Insertion ^ Artery ^ Nerve ^ Action ^ Antagonist ^ |
| | levator anguli oris | (वक्त्र उन्नमनिका | maxilla | modiolus of mouth | facial artery | facial nerve [CNVII] | elevates angle of mouth (smile) | | | | levator anguli oris | {{:muscles:levat_anguli_oris.png}} | वक्त्र कोण उन्नमनिका | maxilla | modiolus of mouth | facial artery | facial nerve [CNVII] | elevates angle of mouth (smile) | | |
| | (caninus) | | | | | | | | | | (caninus) | | | | | | | | | |
| | depressor anguli oris | (वक्त्र अवनमनिका | tubercle of mandible | | | mandibular branch of facial nerve [CNVII] | depresses angle of mouth (frown) | | | | depressor anguli oris | {{:muscles:deprs_anguli_oris.png}} | वक्त्र कोण अवनमनिका | tubercle of mandible | | | mandibular branch of facial nerve [CNVII] | depresses angle of mouth (frown) | | |
| | (triangularis) | | | | | | | | | | (triangularis) | | | | | | | | | |
| | levator labii superioris ( | ओष्ठ उन्नमनिका) | medial part of infra-orbital margin of maxilla | skin and muscle of upper lip (labii superioris) | superior labial artery | buccal branch of facial nerve [CNVII] | elevates upper lip | | | | levator labii superioris ( | {{:muscles:levat_labi_supr.png}} | ओष्ठ उन्नमनिका | medial part of infra-orbital margin of maxilla | skin and muscle of upper lip (labii superioris) | superior labial artery | buccal branch of facial nerve [CNVII] | elevates upper lip | | |
| | depressor labii inferioris ( | निम्न ओष्ठ अवनमनिका) | oblique line of mandible, between symphysis and mental foramen | integument of lower lip, orbicularis oris fibers, its fellow of opposite side | inferior labial artery | mandibular branch of facial nerve [CNVII] | depresses lower lip | | | | depressor labii inferioris ( | {{:muscles:depres_labi_inf.png}} | निम्न ओष्ठ अवनमनिका | oblique line of mandible, between symphysis and mental foramen | integument of lower lip, orbicularis oris fibers, its fellow of opposite side | inferior labial artery | mandibular branch of facial nerve [CNVII] | depresses lower lip | | |
| | (mentaiis) | अधर उन्नमनी | alveolar yoke of lower, lateral incisor tooth, found on anterior mandible | skin of chin | | | elevates and wrinkles skin of chin, protrudes lower lip | | | | (mentaiis) | {{:muscles:mentalis.png}} | अधर उन्नमनी | alveolar yoke of lower, lateral incisor tooth, found on anterior mandible | skin of chin | | | elevates and wrinkles skin of chin, protrudes lower lip | | |
| | buccinator | ( कपोलिका) | alveolar processes of maxilla and mandible, pterygomandibular raphe | fibres of orbicularis oris | buccal artery | buccal branch of facial nerve [CNVII] | compress cheeks against teeth (blowing), mastication | | | | buccinator | {{:muscles:buccinator.png}} | कपोलिका | alveolar processes of maxilla and mandible, pterygomandibular raphe | fibres of orbicularis oris | buccal artery | buccal branch of facial nerve [CNVII] | compress cheeks against teeth (blowing), mastication | | |
| | orbicularis oris | ( वक्त्र मंडलिका) | maxilla and mandible | skin around lips | superior labial artery, inferior labial artery | | puckers lips | | | | orbicularis oris | {{:muscles:orbiculrs_oculi.png}} | वक्त्र मंडलिका | maxilla and mandible | skin around lips | superior labial artery, inferior labial artery | | puckers lips | | |
| | risorius ( | सृक्कापकर्षिणी) | parotid fascia | modiolus of mouth | facial artery | | draw back angle of mouth | | | | risorius ( | {{:muscles:risorius.png}} | सृक्कापकर्षिणी | parotid fascia | modiolus of mouth | facial artery | | draw back angle of mouth | | |
| | Zygomatic muscles | सृक्कोत्कर्षणी | | | | | | | | | Zygomatic muscles | | सृक्कोत्कर्षणी | | | | | | | |
| | major | | zygomatic bone in region of zygomaticomaxillary suture | modiolus of mouth | facial artery | buccal branch of facial nerve [CNVII] | draws angle of mouth upward and laterally | | | | major | {{:muscles:zygm_major.png}} | | zygomatic bone in region of zygomaticomaxillary suture | modiolus of mouth | facial artery | buccal branch of facial nerve [CNVII] | draws angle of mouth upward and laterally | | |
| | minor | | | skin of upper lip | | | elevates upper lip | | | | minor | {{:muscles:zygm_minor.png}} | | | skin of upper lip | | | elevates upper lip | | |
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| ^ Muscle ^ ^ Origin ^ Insertion ^ Artery ^ Nerve ^ Action ^ Antagonist ^ | ^ Muscle ^ MANTRAKSHAR ^ HINDI ^ Origin ^ Insertion ^ Artery ^ Nerve ^ Action ^ Antagonist ^ |
| | masseter | (चर्वणिका) | anterior two-thirds of inferior margin of zygomatic arch and maxilla | angle of mandible, masseteric tuberosity of mandible | masseteric artery | masseteric nerve from mandibular nerve [CNV3] | elevates and retracts mandible (closes of mouth) | platysma | | | masseter |{{:muscles:masseter.png}} | (चर्वणिका) | anterior two-thirds of inferior margin of zygomatic arch and maxilla | angle of mandible, masseteric tuberosity of mandible | masseteric artery | masseteric nerve from mandibular nerve [CNV3] | elevates and retracts mandible (closes of mouth) | platysma | |
| | temporalis | (शंखच्छदिका) | temporal lines on parietal bone of skull | coronoid process of mandible | deep temporal arteries | deep temporal nerves from mandibular nerve [CNV3] | | | | | temporalis | {{:muscles:temporalis.png}} | (शंखच्छदिका) | temporal lines on parietal bone of skull | coronoid process of mandible | deep temporal arteries | deep temporal nerves from mandibular nerve [CNV3] | | | |
| | Pterygoid muscles | (पक्षाभिका) | | | | | | | | | Pterygoid muscles | | (पक्षाभिका) | | | | | | | |
| | lateral | | greater wing of sphenoid and lateral pterygoid process | condyloid process of mandible | pterygoid branches of maxillary artery | external pterygoid nerve from mandibular nerve [CNV3] | depresses mandible | | | | lateral | {{:muscles:lateral_pterygoid.png}} | | greater wing of sphenoid and lateral pterygoid process | condyloid process of mandible | pterygoid branches of maxillary artery | external pterygoid nerve from mandibular nerve [CNV3] | depresses mandible | | |
| | medial | | deep head: medial side of lateral pterygoid plate behind upper teeth | medial angle of mandible | | medial pterygoid nerve from mandibular nerve [CNV3] | elevates mandible, closes jaw, helps lateral pterygoid in moving jaw from side to side | | | | medial | {{:muscles:medial_pterygoid.png}} | | deep head: medial side of lateral pterygoid plate behind upper teeth | medial angle of mandible | | medial pterygoid nerve from mandibular nerve [CNV3] | elevates mandible, closes jaw, helps lateral pterygoid in moving jaw from side to side | | |
| | | | superficial head: pyramidal process of palatine bone and maxillary tuberosity | | | | | | | | | | | superficial head: pyramidal process of palatine bone and maxillary tuberosity | | | | | | |
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| ^ Muscle ^ ^ Origin ^ Insertion ^ Artery ^ Nerve ^ Action ^ Antagonist ^ | ^ Muscle ^ MANTRAKSHAR ^ HINDI ^ Origin ^ Insertion ^ Artery ^ Nerve ^ Action ^ Antagonist ^ |
| | genioglossus | (चिबुक जिह्विका) | superior part of mental spine of mandible (symphysis menti) | dorsum of tongue, body of hyoid | lingual artery | hypoglossal nerve [CNXII] | inferior fibers: protrudes tongue | | | | genioglossus |{{:muscles:genioglossus.png}} | (चिबुक जिह्विका) | superior part of mental spine of mandible (symphysis menti) | dorsum of tongue, body of hyoid | lingual artery | hypoglossal nerve [CNXII] | inferior fibers: protrudes tongue | | |
| | | | | | | | middle fibers: depresses tongue | | | | | | | | | | | middle fibers: depresses tongue | | |
| | | | | | | | superior fibers: draws tip of tongue back and down | | | | | | | | | | | superior fibers: draws tip of tongue back and down | | |
| | hyoglossus | (कंठ जिह्विका) | hyoid | side of tongue | | | depresses tongue | | | | hyoglossus | {{:muscles:hyoglossus.png}} | (कंठ जिह्विका) | hyoid | side of tongue | | | depresses tongue | | |
| | chondroglossus | | lesser cornu and body of hyoid bone | intrinsic muscular fibers of tongue | | | depresses tongue (some consider this muscle to be part of hyoglossus) | | | | chondroglossus | {{:muscles:chondroglossus.png}} | | lesser cornu and body of hyoid bone | intrinsic muscular fibers of tongue | | | depresses tongue (some consider this muscle to be part of hyoglossus) | | |
| | styloglossus | (शरजिह्विका) | styloid process of temporal bone | tongue | sublingual branch of lingual artery | | elevates and retracts tongue | inferior and middle fibers of genioglossus | | | styloglossus | {{:muscles:styloglossus.png}} | (शरजिह्विका) | styloid process of temporal bone | tongue | sublingual branch of lingual artery | | elevates and retracts tongue | inferior and middle fibers of genioglossus | |
| | palatoglossus | (तालु जिह्विका) | palatine aponeurosis | | | vagus nerve [CNX], accessory nerve [CNXI] | raising back part of tongue | | | | palatoglossus |{{:muscles:palatoglossus.png}} | (तालु जिह्विका) | palatine aponeurosis | | | vagus nerve [CNX], accessory nerve [CNXI] | raising back part of tongue | | |
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| === INTRINSIC === | === INTRINSIC === |
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| ^ Muscle ^ ^ Origin ^ Insertion ^ Artery ^ Nerve ^ Action ^ Antagonist ^ | ^ Muscle ^ ^ Origin ^ Insertion ^ Artery ^ Nerve ^ Action ^ Antagonist ^ |
| | superior longitudinal | | close to epiglottis, from median fibrous septum | edges of tongue | | hypoglossal nerve [CNXII] | shortens tongue, turns tip upward, turns lateral margins upward | | | | superior longitudinal |{{:muscles:superior_long.png}} | close to epiglottis, from median fibrous septum | edges of tongue | | hypoglossal nerve [CNXII] | shortens tongue, turns tip upward, turns lateral margins upward | | |
| | transversus | | median fibrous septum | sides of tongue | | | narrows tongue with no elongation | | | | transversus | {{:muscles:transverse_m.png}} | median fibrous septum | sides of tongue | | | narrows tongue with no elongation | | |
| | inferior longitudinal | | root of tongue | apex of tongue | | | shortens tongue, retracts, pulls tip downward | | | | inferior longitudinal | {{:muscles:inferior_long.png}} | root of tongue | apex of tongue | | | shortens tongue, retracts, pulls tip downward | | |
| | verticalis | | dorsum of tongue | inferior surface borders of tongue | | | | | | | verticalis |{{:muscles:vertical_m.png}} | dorsum of tongue | inferior surface borders of tongue | | | | | |
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| ^ Muscle ^ ^ Origin ^ Insertion ^ Artery ^ Nerve ^ Action ^ Antagonist ^ | ^ Muscle ^ MANTRAKSHAR ^ HINDI ^ Origin ^ Insertion ^ Artery ^ Nerve ^ Action ^ Antagonist ^ |
| | tensor veli palatini | तानिका | medial pterygoid plate of sphenoid bone | palatine aponeurosis | | medial pterygoid nerve from mandibular nerve [CNV3] | tenses soft palate, aids in swallowing | | | | tensor veli palatini | {{:muscles:tensor_veli_palat.png}} | तानिका | medial pterygoid plate of sphenoid bone | palatine aponeurosis | | medial pterygoid nerve from mandibular nerve [CNV3] | tenses soft palate, aids in swallowing | | |
| | levator veli palatini | उन्नमनिका | temporal bone, Eustachian tube | | facial artery | pharyngeal plexus of vagus nerve [CNX] | elevates soft palate | | | | levator veli palatini | {{:muscles:levator_veli_palat.png}} | उन्नमनिका | temporal bone, Eustachian tube | | facial artery | pharyngeal plexus of vagus nerve [CNX] | elevates soft palate | | |
| | palatoglossus | तालु जिह्विका | palatine aponeurosis | tongue | | | aids in breathing by raising back part of tongue | | | | palatoglossus | {{:muscles:palatoglossus.png}} | तालु जिह्विका | palatine aponeurosis | tongue | | | aids in breathing by raising back part of tongue | | |
| | palatopharyngeus | तालु ग्रसनिका | palatine aponeurosis and hard palate | upper border of thyroid cartilage (blends with constrictor fibers) | facial artery | pharyngeal branch of vagus nerve [CNX] | aids in breathing by pulling pharynx and larynx | | | | palatopharyngeus | | तालु ग्रसनिका | palatine aponeurosis and hard palate | upper border of thyroid cartilage (blends with constrictor fibers) | facial artery | pharyngeal branch of vagus nerve [CNX] | aids in breathing by pulling pharynx and larynx | | |
| | palatine uvula | | hard palate | soft tissue of uvula | | | moves and changes shape of uvula | | | | palatine uvula | | | hard palate | soft tissue of uvula | | | moves and changes shape of uvula | | |
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| ^ Muscle ^ ^ Origin ^ Insertion ^ Artery ^ Nerve ^ Action ^ Antagonist ^ | ^ Muscle ^ MANTRAKSHAR ^ HINDI ^ Origin ^ Insertion ^ Artery ^ Nerve ^ Action ^ Antagonist ^ |
| | stylopharyngeus | शरग्रसनिका | styloid process of temporal bone | thyroid cartilage (pharynx) | pharyngeal branches of ascending pharyngeal artery | glossopharyngeal nerve [CNIX] | elevates larynx, elevates pharynx, swallowing | | | | stylopharyngeus | {{:muscles:stylopharyngeus.png}} | शरग्रसनिका | styloid process of temporal bone | thyroid cartilage (pharynx) | pharyngeal branches of ascending pharyngeal artery | glossopharyngeal nerve [CNIX] | elevates larynx, elevates pharynx, swallowing | | |
| | salpingopharyngeus | तूर्य ग्रसनिका | cartilage of Eustachian tube | posterior fasciculus of pharyngopalatinus | | vagus nerve [CNX], accessory nerve [CNXI] | raises nasopharynx | | | | salpingopharyngeus | {{:muscles:salpingopharyngeus.png}} | तूर्य ग्रसनिका | cartilage of Eustachian tube | posterior fasciculus of pharyngopalatinus | | vagus nerve [CNX], accessory nerve [CNXI] | raises nasopharynx | | |
| | Pharyngeal muscles | | | | | | | | | | Pharyngeal muscles | | | | | | | | | |
| | inferior | | cricoid cartilage, thyroid cartilage | pharyngeal raphe | pharyngeal branches of ascending pharyngeal artery | external laryngeal branch of superior laryngeal nerve from vagus nerve [CNX] | swallowing | | | | inferior | {{:muscles:inf_pharyn_m.png}} | | cricoid cartilage, thyroid cartilage | pharyngeal raphe | pharyngeal branches of ascending pharyngeal artery | external laryngeal branch of superior laryngeal nerve from vagus nerve [CNX] | swallowing | | |
| | middle | | hyoid bone | | | pharyngeal plexus of vagus nerve [CNX] | | | | | middle | {{:muscles:middle_pharyn_m.png}} | | hyoid bone | | | pharyngeal plexus of vagus nerve [CNX] | | | |
| | superior | | medial pterygoid plate, pterygomandibular raphé, alveolar process | pharyngeal raphe, pharyngeal tubercle | | | | | | | superior | {{:muscles:super_pharyn_m.png}} | | medial pterygoid plate, pterygomandibular raphé, alveolar process | pharyngeal raphe, pharyngeal tubercle | | | | | |
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| ^ Muscle ^ ^ Origin ^ Insertion ^ Artery ^ Nerve ^ Action ^ Antagonist ^ | ^ Muscle ^ MANTRAKSHAR ^ HINDI ^ Origin ^ Insertion ^ Artery ^ Nerve ^ Action ^ Antagonist ^ |
| | cricothyroid | मुद्रिकावटुकी (तिर्यक एवं सरल भाग) | anterior and lateral cricoid cartilage | inferior cornu and lamina of thyroid cartilage | cricothyroid branch of superior thyroid artery | external laryngeal branch of superior laryngeal nerve from vagus nerve [CNX] | tenses and elongates vocal folds (has minor adductory effect) | | | | cricothyroid | {{:muscles:cricothyroid.png}} | मुद्रिकावटुकी (तिर्यक एवं सरल भाग) | anterior and lateral cricoid cartilage | inferior cornu and lamina of thyroid cartilage | cricothyroid branch of superior thyroid artery | external laryngeal branch of superior laryngeal nerve from vagus nerve [CNX] | tenses and elongates vocal folds (has minor adductory effect) | | |
| | arytenoid(transverse and oblique) | दर्वीकल्पिका ( अनुप्रस्थ and | arytenoid cartilage on one side | arytenoid cartilage on opposite side | superior laryngeal branch of superior thyroid artery | recurrent laryngeal nerve from vagus nerve [CNX] | approximates arytenoid cartilages (closes rima glottidis) | | | | arytenoid(transverse and oblique) |{{:muscles:aryt_obliq.png}} , {{:muscles:arytenoid_trans.png}} | दर्वीकल्पिका ( अनुप्रस्थ and | arytenoid cartilage on one side | arytenoid cartilage on opposite side | superior laryngeal branch of superior thyroid artery | recurrent laryngeal nerve from vagus nerve [CNX] | approximates arytenoid cartilages (closes rima glottidis) | | |
| | thyroarytenoid | अवटु दर्वीकल्पिका | inner (anterior) surface of thyroid cartilage | anterior surface of arytenoid cartilage | | | thickens and decreases length of vocal folds, adducts during speech | | | | thyroarytenoid | {{:muscles:thyroarytenoid.png}} | अवटु दर्वीकल्पिका | inner (anterior) surface of thyroid cartilage | anterior surface of arytenoid cartilage | | | thickens and decreases length of vocal folds, adducts during speech | | |
| | Cricoarytenoid muscles | मुद्रिका दर्वीकल्पिका | | | | | | | | | Cricoarytenoid muscles | | मुद्रिका दर्वीकल्पिका | | | | | | | |
| | posterior | | posterior part of cricoid cartilage | muscular process of arytenoid cartilage | | recurrent laryngeal nerve from vagus nerve [CNX] | abducts and laterally rotates cartilage, pulling vocal ligaments away from midline and forward and so opening rima glottidis | lateral cricoarytenoid | | | posterior | {{:muscles:cricoaryt_post.png}} | | posterior part of cricoid cartilage | muscular process of arytenoid cartilage | | recurrent laryngeal nerve from vagus nerve [CNX] | abducts and laterally rotates cartilage, pulling vocal ligaments away from midline and forward and so opening rima glottidis | lateral cricoarytenoid | |
| | lateral | | lateral part of arch of cricoid cartilage | | | | adducts and medially rotates cartilage, pulling vocal ligaments towards midline and backwards and so closing rima glottidis | posterior cricoarytenoid | | | lateral |{{:muscles:cricoaryt_lat.png}} | | lateral part of arch of cricoid cartilage | | | | adducts and medially rotates cartilage, pulling vocal ligaments towards midline and backwards and so closing rima glottidis | posterior cricoarytenoid | |
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| ^ Muscle ^ ^ Origin ^ Insertion ^ Artery ^ Nerve ^ Action ^ Antagonist ^ | ^ Muscle ^ MANTRAKSHAR ^ HINDI ^ Origin ^ Insertion ^ Artery ^ Nerve ^ Action ^ Antagonist ^ |
| | platysma | ग्रीवा पार्श्वच्छदिका | base of mandible | inferior clavicle and fascia of chest | branches of submental artery, branches of suprascapular artery | cervical branch of facial nerve [CNVII] | tenses skin of neck | masseter, temporalis | | | platysma | {{:muscles:platysma.png}} | ग्रीवा पार्श्वच्छदिका | base of mandible | inferior clavicle and fascia of chest | branches of submental artery, branches of suprascapular artery | cervical branch of facial nerve [CNVII] | tenses skin of neck | masseter, temporalis | |
| | sternocleidomastoid | उरोजत्रुककर्णमूलिका | sternal head: manubrium sterni | mastoid process of temporal bone, superior nuchal line | occipital artery, superior thyroid artery | motor: accessory nerve | acting alone: tilts head to its own side, rotates head so face is turned towards opposite side | | | | sternocleidomastoid | {{:muscles:sternocleidomast.png}} | उरोजत्रुककर्णमूलिका | sternal head: manubrium sterni | mastoid process of temporal bone, superior nuchal line | occipital artery, superior thyroid artery | motor: accessory nerve | acting alone: tilts head to its own side, rotates head so face is turned towards opposite side | | |
| | | | clavicular head: medial portion of clavicle | | | sensory: cervical plexus | acting together: flexes neck, raises sternum, assists in forced inspiration || | | | | | clavicular head: medial portion of clavicle | | | sensory: cervical plexus | acting together: flexes neck, raises sternum, assists in forced inspiration || |
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| ==== SUPRAHYOID ==== | ==== SUPRAHYOID ==== |
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| ^ Muscle ^ ^ Origin ^ Insertion ^ Artery ^ Nerve ^ Action ^ Antagonist ^ | ^ Muscle ^ MANTRAKSHAR ^ HINDI ^ Origin ^ Insertion ^ Artery ^ Nerve ^ Action ^ Antagonist ^ |
| | digastric | द्विपिंडिका | anterior belly: digastric fossa (mandible) | intermediate tendon (lesser horn of hyoid bone) | anterior belly: submental branch of facial artery | anterior belly: mandibular nerve [CNV3] via mylohyoid nerve | opens jaw when masseter and temporalis are relaxed | | | | digastric | | द्विपिंडिका | anterior belly: digastric fossa (mandible) | intermediate tendon (lesser horn of hyoid bone) | anterior belly: submental branch of facial artery | anterior belly: mandibular nerve [CNV3] via mylohyoid nerve | opens jaw when masseter and temporalis are relaxed | | |
| | | | posterior belly: mastoid process of temporal bone | | posterior belly: occipital artery | posterior belly: facial nerve [CNVII] | | | | | | | | posterior belly: mastoid process of temporal bone | | posterior belly: occipital artery | posterior belly: facial nerve [CNVII] | | | |
| | stylohyoid | शरकंठिका | styloid process of temporal bone | greater horn of hyoid bone | occipital artery | facial nerve [CNVII] | elevates hyoid during swallowing | | | | stylohyoid |{{:muscles:stylohyoid.png}} | शरकंठिका | styloid process of temporal bone | greater horn of hyoid bone | occipital artery | facial nerve [CNVII] | elevates hyoid during swallowing | | |
| | mylohyoid | चिबुक कंठिका | mylohyoid line of mandible | pharyngeal raphe | mylohyoid branch of inferior alveolar artery | mylohyoid nerve, from inferior alveolar branch of mandibular nerve [CNV3] | raises oral cavity floor, elevates hyoid, depresses mandible | | | | mylohyoid |{{:muscles:mylohyoid.png}} | चिबुक कंठिका | mylohyoid line of mandible | pharyngeal raphe | mylohyoid branch of inferior alveolar artery | mylohyoid nerve, from inferior alveolar branch of mandibular nerve [CNV3] | raises oral cavity floor, elevates hyoid, depresses mandible | | |
| | geniohyoid | चिबुक कंठिका | mandibular symphysis | anterior surface of body of hyoid bone | | C1 via hypoglossal nerve | elevates hyoid and tongue upward during deglutition | | | | geniohyoid |{{:muscles:geniohyoid.png}} | चिबुक कंठिका | mandibular symphysis | anterior surface of body of hyoid bone | | C1 via hypoglossal nerve | elevates hyoid and tongue upward during deglutition | | |
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| ==== INFRAHYOID ==== | ==== INFRAHYOID ==== |
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| ^ Muscle ^ ^ Origin ^ Insertion ^ Artery ^ Nerve ^ Action ^ Antagonist ^ | ^ Muscle ^ MANTRAKSHAR ^ HINDI ^ Origin ^ Insertion ^ Artery ^ Nerve ^ Action ^ Antagonist ^ |
| | sternohyoid | उरः कंठिका | manubrium of sternum | hyoid bone | superior thyroid artery | ansa cervicalis | depresses hyoid | | | | sternohyoid | {{:muscles:sternohyoid.png}} | उरः कंठिका | manubrium of sternum | hyoid bone | superior thyroid artery | ansa cervicalis | depresses hyoid | | |
| | sternothyroid | उरः अवटुका | | thyroid cartilage | | | depresses larynx, may slightly depress hyoid | | | | sternothyroid | {{:muscles:sternothyroid.png}} | उरः अवटुका | | thyroid cartilage | | | depresses larynx, may slightly depress hyoid | | |
| | thyrohyoid | अवटु कंठिका | thyroid cartilage | hyoid bone | | C1 | depress hyoid | | | | thyrohyoid | {{:muscles:thyrohyoid.png}} | अवटु कंठिका | thyroid cartilage | hyoid bone | | C1 | depress hyoid | | |
| | omohyoid | अंसकंठिका | upper border of scapula | | inferior thyroid artery | ansa cervicalis | depresses larynx, depresses and moves to side hyoid | | | | omohyoid | {{:muscles:omohyoid.png}} | अंसकंठिका | upper border of scapula | | inferior thyroid artery | ansa cervicalis | depresses larynx, depresses and moves to side hyoid | | |
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| ==== NECK ==== | ==== NECK ==== |
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| ^ Muscle ^ ^ Origin ^ Insertion ^ Artery ^ Nerve ^ Action ^ Antagonist ^ | ^ Muscle ^ MANTRAKSHAR ^ HINDI ^ Origin ^ Insertion ^ Artery ^ Nerve ^ Action ^ Antagonist ^ |
| | longus colli | ग्रैवीदीर्घा | transverse processes of vertebrae C3, C4, C5, and C6 | anterior arch of atlas | | C2, C3, C4, C5, C6 | flexes neck and head | | | | longus colli | {{:muscles:longus_colli.png}} | ग्रैवीदीर्घा | transverse processes of vertebrae C3, C4, C5, and C6 | anterior arch of atlas | | C2, C3, C4, C5, C6 | flexes neck and head | | |
| | longus capitis | शिरोदीर्घा | anterior tubercles of transverse processes of vertebrae C3, C4, C5, and C6 | basilar part of occipital bone | | C1, C2, C3/C4 | flexes neck at atlanto-occipital joint | | | | longus capitis | {{:muscles:longus_capitis.png}} | शिरोदीर्घा | anterior tubercles of transverse processes of vertebrae C3, C4, C5, and C6 | basilar part of occipital bone | | C1, C2, C3/C4 | flexes neck at atlanto-occipital joint | | |
| | rectus capitis anterior | समशिरस्का | atlas | occipital bone | | C1 | | | | | rectus capitis anterior | {{:muscles:rectus_capitis_ant.png}} | समशिरस्का | atlas | occipital bone | | C1 | | | |
| | rectus capitis lateralis | समशिरस्का | upper surface of transverse process of atlas | under surface of jugular process of occipital bone | | | sidebens at atlanto-occipital joint | | | | rectus capitis lateralis | {{:muscles:rectus_capiti_lat.png}} | समशिरस्का | upper surface of transverse process of atlas | under surface of jugular process of occipital bone | | | sidebens at atlanto-occipital joint | | |
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| === LATERAL === | === LATERAL === |
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| ^ Muscle ^ ^ Origin ^ Insertion ^ Artery ^ Nerve ^ Action ^ Antagonist ^ | ^ Muscle ^ MANTRAKSHAR ^ HINDI ^ Origin ^ Insertion ^ Artery ^ Nerve ^ Action ^ Antagonist ^ |
| | scalene | विषमिका | cervical vertebrae | first and second ribs | ascending cervical artery (branch of inferior thyroid artery) | cervical nerves (C3, C4, C5, C6, C7) | elevates 1st and 2nd rib | | | | scalene | | विषमिका | cervical vertebrae | first and second ribs | ascending cervical artery (branch of inferior thyroid artery) | cervical nerves (C3, C4, C5, C6, C7) | elevates 1st and 2nd rib | | |
| | anterior | अग्र | C3-C6 | first rib | | ventral ramus of C5, C6 | when neck is fixed, elevates first rib to aid in breathing or when rib is fixed, bends neck forward and sideways and rotates it to opposite side | | | | anterior |{{:muscles:scalenus_ant.png}} | अग्र | C3-C6 | first rib | | ventral ramus of C5, C6 | when neck is fixed, elevates first rib to aid in breathing or when rib is fixed, bends neck forward and sideways and rotates it to opposite side | | |
| | medius | मध्य | C2-C6 | | | ventral rami of third to eighth cervical spinal nerves | elevates 1st rib, rotate neck to opposite side | | | | medius | {{:muscles:scalen_med.png}} | मध्य | C2-C6 | | | ventral rami of third to eighth cervical spinal nerves | elevates 1st rib, rotate neck to opposite side | | |
| | posterior | पश्च | transverse processes of C4 – C6 | second rib | ascending cervical artery, superficial cervical artery | C6, C7, C8 | elevates 2nd rib, tilts neck to same side | | | | posterior | {{:muscles:scalenus_post.png}} | पश्च | transverse processes of C4 – C6 | second rib | ascending cervical artery, superficial cervical artery | C6, C7, C8 | elevates 2nd rib, tilts neck to same side | | |
| | levator scapulae | अंस उन्नमनिका | posterior tubercles of transverse processes of C1 – C4 | superior part of medial border of scapula | dorsal scapular artery | cervical nerve (C3, C4) and dorsal scapular nerve (C5) | elevates scapula, tilts glenoid cavity inferiorly by rotating scapula | serratus anterior | | | levator scapulae | {{:muscles:levator_scapulae.png}} | अंस उन्नमनिका | posterior tubercles of transverse processes of C1 – C4 | superior part of medial border of scapula | dorsal scapular artery | cervical nerve (C3, C4) and dorsal scapular nerve (C5) | elevates scapula, tilts glenoid cavity inferiorly by rotating scapula | serratus anterior | |
| | rectus capitis lateralis | समशिरस्का | upper surface of transverse process of atlas (C1) | under surface of jugular process of occipital bone | | C1 | | | | | rectus capitis lateralis |{{:muscles:rectus_capiti_lat.png}} | समशिरस्का | upper surface of transverse process of atlas (C1) | under surface of jugular process of occipital bone | | C1 | | | |
| | obliquus capitis superior | तिर्यक् शिर | lateral mass of atlas | lateral half of inferior nuchal line | | suboccipital nerve | | | | | obliquus capitis superior | {{:muscles:obliq_capt_sup.png}} | तिर्यक् शिर | lateral mass of atlas | lateral half of inferior nuchal line | | suboccipital nerve | | | |
| | obliquus capitis inferior | तिर्यक् शिर | spinous process of axis | lateral mass of atlas | | suboccipital nerve | | | | | obliquus capitis inferior | {{:muscles:oblq_capt_inf.png}} | तिर्यक् शिर | spinous process of axis | lateral mass of atlas | | suboccipital nerve | | | |
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| ^ Muscle ^ ^ Origin ^ Insertion ^ Artery ^ Nerve ^ Action ^ Antagonist ^ | ^ Muscle ^ MANTRAKSHAR ^ HINDI ^ Origin ^ Insertion ^ Artery ^ Nerve ^ Action ^ Antagonist ^ |
| | rectus capitis posterior minor | समशिरस्का | tubercle on posterior arch of atlas (C1) | medial part of inferior nuchal line of occipital bone and surface between it and foramen magnum | | a branch of dorsal primary division of suboccipital nerve | extends head at neck, but is now considered to be more of a sensory organ than a muscle | | | | rectus capitis posterior minor |{{:muscles:rectus_capit_post_minor.png}} | समशिरस्का | tubercle on posterior arch of atlas (C1) | medial part of inferior nuchal line of occipital bone and surface between it and foramen magnum | | a branch of dorsal primary division of suboccipital nerve | extends head at neck, but is now considered to be more of a sensory organ than a muscle | | |
| | rectus capitis posterior major | समशिरस्का | spinous process of axis (C2) | inferior nucheal line of occipital bone | | dorsal ramus of C1 (suboccipital nerve) | | | | | rectus capitis posterior major | {{:muscles:rect_capt_post_maj.png}} | समशिरस्का | spinous process of axis (C2) | inferior nucheal line of occipital bone | | dorsal ramus of C1 (suboccipital nerve) | | | |
| | semispinalis capitis | शिरः अर्धकंटिका | articular processes of C4-C6; transverse processes of C7 and T1-T7 | occipital bone between superior and inferior nuchal lines | | greater occipital nerve | extends head | | | | semispinalis capitis | {{:muscles:semispinaliscapit.png}} | शिरः अर्धकंटिका | articular processes of C4-C6; transverse processes of C7 and T1-T7 | occipital bone between superior and inferior nuchal lines | | greater occipital nerve | extends head | | |
| | longissimus capitis | शिरः द्राधिष्ठिका | articular processes of C4-C7; transverse processes of T1-T5 | posterior margin of mastoid process | lateral sacral artery | posterior branch of spinal nerve | laterally: Flexes head and neck to same side. | | | | longissimus capitis | {{:muscles:longus_capitis.png}} | शिरः द्राधिष्ठिका | articular processes of C4-C7; transverse processes of T1-T5 | posterior margin of mastoid process | lateral sacral artery | posterior branch of spinal nerve | laterally: Flexes head and neck to same side. | | |
| | | | | | | | bilaterally: Extend vertebral column || | | | | | | | | | bilaterally: Extend vertebral column || |
| | splenius capitis | शिरः पिट्टका | ligamentum nuchae, spinous processes of C7-T6 | mastoid process | | C3, C4 | extends, rotates, and laterally flex head | | | | splenius capitis | {{:muscles:splenius_capit.png}} | शिरः पिट्टका | ligamentum nuchae, spinous processes of C7-T6 | mastoid process | | C3, C4 | extends, rotates, and laterally flex head | | |
| | obliquus capitis superior | तिर्यक् | lateral mass of atlas | lateral half of inferior nuchal line | | suboccipital nerve | | | | | obliquus capitis superior | {{:muscles:obliq_capt_sup.png}} | तिर्यक् | lateral mass of atlas | lateral half of inferior nuchal line | | suboccipital nerve | | | |
| | obliquus capitis inferior | तिर्यक् | spinous process of axis | lateral mass of atlas | | | | | | | obliquus capitis inferior | {{:muscles:oblq_capt_inf.png}} | तिर्यक् | spinous process of axis | lateral mass of atlas | | | | | |
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| ===== TORSO ===== | ===== TORSO ===== |
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| ^ Muscle ^ ^ Origin ^ Insertion ^ Artery ^ Nerve ^ Action ^ Antagonist ^ | ^ Muscle ^ MANTRAKSHAR ^ HINDI ^ Origin ^ Insertion ^ Artery ^ Nerve ^ Action ^ Antagonist ^ |
| | erector spinae | | spines of last four thoracic vertebrae | both spines of most cranial thoracic vertebrae and cervical vertebrae | lateral sacral artery | posterior branch of spinal nerve | extends vertebral column | rectus abdominis | | | erector spinae |{{:muscles:erector_spinae.png}} | | spines of last four thoracic vertebrae | both spines of most cranial thoracic vertebrae and cervical vertebrae | lateral sacral artery | posterior branch of spinal nerve | extends vertebral column | rectus abdominis | |
| | iliocostalis | श्रोणिफलकपर्शु | | | | | | | | | iliocostalis | {{:muscles:iliocastalis.png}} | श्रोणिफलकपर्शु | | | | | | | |
| | longissimus | द्राधिष्ठिका | transverse process | transverse process | | | | | | | longissimus | | द्राधिष्ठिका | transverse process | transverse process | | | | | |
| | spinalis | अर्धकंटिका | spinous process | spinous process | | | | | | | spinalis | | अर्धकंटिका | spinous process | spinous process | | | | | |
| | latissimus dorsi | कटिपार्श्वच्छदिका | spinous processes of thoracic T6-T12, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest and inferior 3 or 4 ribs | floor of intertubercular groove of humerus | subscapular artery, dorsal scapular artery | thoracodorsal nerve | pulls forelimb dorsally and caudally | deltoid, trapezius | | | latissimus dorsi | {{:muscles:latissim_dorsi.png}} | कटिपार्श्वच्छदिका | spinous processes of thoracic T6-T12, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest and inferior 3 or 4 ribs | floor of intertubercular groove of humerus | subscapular artery, dorsal scapular artery | thoracodorsal nerve | pulls forelimb dorsally and caudally | deltoid, trapezius | |
| | transversospinales | | transverse process | spinous process | | posterior branches of spinal nerve | | | | | transversospinales | | | transverse process | spinous process | | posterior branches of spinal nerve | | | |
| | semispinalis thoracis | उरः अर्धकंटिका | transverse processes of sixth to tenth thoracic vertebrae | spinous processes of upper four thoracic vertebrae and lower two cervical vertebrae | | | | | | | semispinalis thoracis | {{:muscles:semispinalisthoracis.png}} | उरः अर्धकंटिका | transverse processes of sixth to tenth thoracic vertebrae | spinous processes of upper four thoracic vertebrae and lower two cervical vertebrae | | | | | |
| | (dorsi) | | | | | | | | | | (dorsi) | | | | | | | | | |
| | semispinalis cervicis | ग्रीवा अर्धकंटिका | transverse processes of upper five or six thoracic vertebrae | cervical spinous processes, from axis to fifth | | | | | | | semispinalis cervicis | {{:muscles:semispinaliscervix.png}} | ग्रीवा अर्धकंटिका | transverse processes of upper five or six thoracic vertebrae | cervical spinous processes, from axis to fifth | | | | | |
| | (colli) | | | | | | | | | | (colli) | | | | | | | | | |
| | semispinalis capitis | शिरः अर्धकंटिका | transversal process of lower cervical and higher thoracal columna | area between superior and inferior nuchal line | | greater occipital nerve | extends head | | | | semispinalis capitis | {{:muscles:semispinaliscapit.png}} | शिरः अर्धकंटिका | transversal process of lower cervical and higher thoracal columna | area between superior and inferior nuchal line | | greater occipital nerve | extends head | | |
| | (complexus) | | | | | | | | | | (complexus) | | | | | | | | | |
| | multifidus | | sacrum, erector spinae aponeurosis, PSIS, and iliac crest | spinous process | | posterior branch of spinal nerve | stabilizes vertebrae in local movements of vertebral column | | | | multifidus | | | sacrum, erector spinae aponeurosis, PSIS, and iliac crest | spinous process | | posterior branch of spinal nerve | stabilizes vertebrae in local movements of vertebral column | | |
| | rotatores | | transverse process | | | posterior branch | | | | | rotatores | {{:muscles:rotatores.png}} | | transverse process | | | posterior branch | | | |
| | interspinales | कंटिका | spinous process | | | posterior rami of spinal nerves | extends, flexes, and rotates vertebral column | | | | interspinales | {{:muscles:interspinales.png}} | कंटिका | spinous process | | | posterior rami of spinal nerves | extends, flexes, and rotates vertebral column | | |
| | intertransversarii | | transverse process | transverse process above | | | laterally flexes trunk | | | | intertransversarii | | | transverse process | transverse process above | | | laterally flexes trunk | | |
| | splenius | पिट्टका | | | | | | | | | splenius | | पिट्टका | | | | | | | |
| | capitis | शिरः पिट्टका | nuchal ligament, spinous process of C7-T6 | mastoid process of temporal bone, occipital bone | | C3, C4 | extends, rotates, and laterally flexes head | | | | capitis | {{:muscles:splenius_capit.png}} | शिरः पिट्टका | nuchal ligament, spinous process of C7-T6 | mastoid process of temporal bone, occipital bone | | C3, C4 | extends, rotates, and laterally flexes head | | |
| | cervicis | ग्रीवा पिट्टका | spinous processes of T3-T6 | transverse processes of C1, C2, C3 | | C5, C6 | | | | | cervicis | {{:muscles:splenius_cervicis.png}} | ग्रीवा पिट्टका | spinous processes of T3-T6 | transverse processes of C1, C2, C3 | | C5, C6 | | | |
| |
| ==== CHEST ==== | ==== CHEST ==== |
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| ^ Muscle ^ ^ Origin ^ Insertion ^ Artery ^ Nerve ^ Action ^ Antagonist ^ | ^ Muscle ^ MANTRAKSHAR ^ HINDI ^ Origin ^ Insertion ^ Artery ^ Nerve ^ Action ^ Antagonist ^ |
| | intercostals | अंतरापर्शुकी | ribs 1–11 | ribs 2–12 | intercostal arteries | intercostal nerves | | | | | intercostals | {{:muscles:intercostalis.png}} | अंतरापर्शुकी | ribs 1–11 | ribs 2–12 | intercostal arteries | intercostal nerves | | | |
| | external | बाह्य अंतरापर्शुकी | | | | | inhalation | internal | | | external |{{:muscles:ext_intercostal.png}} | बाह्य अंतरापर्शुकी | | | | | inhalation | internal | |
| | internal | आभ्यंतर अंतरापर्शुकी | rib – inferior border | rib – superior border | | | holds ribs steady | external | | | internal | {{:muscles:intern_intercostal.png}} | आभ्यंतर अंतरापर्शुकी | rib – inferior border | rib – superior border | | | holds ribs steady | external | |
| | innermost | अंतरतम अंतरापर्शुकी | | | | | elevates ribs | | | | innermost | | अंतरतम अंतरापर्शुकी | | | | | elevates ribs | | |
| | subcostales | अधःपर्शुका | inner surface of one rib | inner surface of second or third rib above, near its angle | | | | | | | subcostales | {{:muscles:subcostalis.png}} | अधःपर्शुका | inner surface of one rib | inner surface of second or third rib above, near its angle | | | | | |
| | transversus thoracis | उरः अनुप्रस्थिका (उरः पर्शुकिका) | costal cartilages of last 3–4 ribs, body of sternum, xiphoid process | ribs/costal cartilages 2–6 | | | depresses ribs | | | | transversus thoracis | | उरः अनुप्रस्थिका (उरः पर्शुकिका) | costal cartilages of last 3–4 ribs, body of sternum, xiphoid process | ribs/costal cartilages 2–6 | | | depresses ribs | | |
| | levatores costarum | पर्शुका उन्नमनिका | transverse processes of C7 to T12 vertebrae | superior surfaces of ribs immediately inferior to preceding vertebrae | | dorsal rami – C8, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11 | assists in elevation of thoracic rib cage | | | | levatores costarum | {{:muscles:levator_costarum.png}} | पर्शुका उन्नमनिका | transverse processes of C7 to T12 vertebrae | superior surfaces of ribs immediately inferior to preceding vertebrae | | dorsal rami – C8, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11 | assists in elevation of thoracic rib cage | | |
| | Serratus posterior muscles | पश्च दंतुरिका | | | | | | | | | Serratus posterior muscles | | पश्च दंतुरिका | | | | | | | |
| | inferior | | vertebrae T11 – L3 | inferior borders of 9th through 12th ribs | intercostal arteries | intercostal nerves | depresses lower ribs, aiding in expiration | | | | inferior | {{:muscles:serratus_post_inf.png}} | | vertebrae T11 – L3 | inferior borders of 9th through 12th ribs | intercostal arteries | intercostal nerves | depresses lower ribs, aiding in expiration | | |
| | superior | | nuchal ligament (or ligamentum nuchae) and spinous processes of vertebrae C7 through T3 | upper borders of 2nd through 5th ribs | | 2nd through 5th intercostal nerves | elevates ribs, aiding in inspiration | | | | superior |{{:muscles:serratus_post_sup.png}} | | nuchal ligament (or ligamentum nuchae) and spinous processes of vertebrae C7 through T3 | upper borders of 2nd through 5th ribs | | 2nd through 5th intercostal nerves | elevates ribs, aiding in inspiration | | |
| | diaphragm | मध्यच्छद 2- तनुपट | | | pericardiacophrenic artery, musculophrenic artery, inferior phrenic arteries | phrenic and lower intercostal nerves | breathing | | | | diaphragm | | मध्यच्छद 2- तनुपट | | | pericardiacophrenic artery, musculophrenic artery, inferior phrenic arteries | phrenic and lower intercostal nerves | breathing | | |
| |
| ==== PELVIS ==== | ==== PELVIS ==== |
| ==== VERTEBRAL COLUMN ==== | ==== VERTEBRAL COLUMN ==== |
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| ^ Muscle ^ ^ Origin ^ Insertion ^ Artery ^ Nerve ^ Action ^ Antagonist ^ | ^ Muscle ^ MANTRAKSHAR ^ HINDI ^ Origin ^ Insertion ^ Artery ^ Nerve ^ Action ^ Antagonist ^ |
| | trapezius | समलंबिका | down midline, external occipital protuberance, nuchal ligament, medial part of superior nuchal line, spinous processes of vertebrae C7-T12 | at shoulders, lateral third of clavicle, acromion of scapula, spine of scapula | transverse cervical artery | motor: accessory nerve [CNXI] | retracts and elevates scapula | serratus anterior | | | trapezius |{{:muscles:trapezius.png}} | समलंबिका | down midline, external occipital protuberance, nuchal ligament, medial part of superior nuchal line, spinous processes of vertebrae C7-T12 | at shoulders, lateral third of clavicle, acromion of scapula, spine of scapula | transverse cervical artery | motor: accessory nerve [CNXI] | retracts and elevates scapula | serratus anterior | |
| | | | | | | sensory: cervical nerves C3 and C4 | | | | | | | | | | | sensory: cervical nerves C3 and C4 | | | |
| | latissimus dorsi | कटिपार्श्वच्छदिका | spinous processes of thoracic T6-T12, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest and inferior 3 or 4 ribs | floor of intertubercular groove of humerus | subscapular artery, dorsal scapular artery | thoracodorsal nerve | pulls forelimb dorsally and caudally | deltoid, trapezius | | | latissimus dorsi |{{:muscles:latissim_dorsi.png}} | कटिपार्श्वच्छदिका | spinous processes of thoracic T6-T12, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest and inferior 3 or 4 ribs | floor of intertubercular groove of humerus | subscapular artery, dorsal scapular artery | thoracodorsal nerve | pulls forelimb dorsally and caudally | deltoid, trapezius | |
| | rhomboids | समचतुर्भुजिका | nuchal ligaments, spinous processes of C7-T5 vertebrae | medial border of scapula | dorsal scapular artery | dorsal scapular nerve (C4 and C5) | retracts scapula and rotates it to depress glenoid cavity, fixes scapula to thoracic wall | serratus anterior | | | rhomboids | | समचतुर्भुजिका | nuchal ligaments, spinous processes of C7-T5 vertebrae | medial border of scapula | dorsal scapular artery | dorsal scapular nerve (C4 and C5) | retracts scapula and rotates it to depress glenoid cavity, fixes scapula to thoracic wall | serratus anterior | |
| | rhomboid major | | spinous processes of T2 to T5 vertebrae | medial border of scapula, inferior to insertion of rhomboid minor | | | | | | | rhomboid major | {{:muscles:rhomb_major.png}} | | spinous processes of T2 to T5 vertebrae | medial border of scapula, inferior to insertion of rhomboid minor | | | | | |
| | rhomboid minor | लघु अंसापकर्षणी | nuchal ligaments and spinous processes of C7- to T1 vertebrae | medial border of scapula, superior to insertion of rhomboid major | | | | | | | rhomboid minor |{{:muscles:rhomboid_minor.png}} | लघु अंसापकर्षणी | nuchal ligaments and spinous processes of C7- to T1 vertebrae | medial border of scapula, superior to insertion of rhomboid major | | | | | |
| | levator scapulae | अंस उन्नमनिका | posterior tubercles of transverse processes of C1 – C4 vertebrae | superior part of medial border of scapula | | cervical nerve (C3, C4) and dorsal scapular nerve (C5) | elevates scapula, tilts glenoid cavity inferiorly by rotating scapula | | | | levator scapulae |{{:muscles:levator_scapulae.png}} | अंस उन्नमनिका | posterior tubercles of transverse processes of C1 – C4 vertebrae | superior part of medial border of scapula | | cervical nerve (C3, C4) and dorsal scapular nerve (C5) | elevates scapula, tilts glenoid cavity inferiorly by rotating scapula | | |
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| ==== THORACIC WALLS ==== | ==== THORACIC WALLS ==== |
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| ^ Muscle ^ ^ Origin ^ Insertion ^ Artery ^ Nerve ^ Action ^ Antagonist ^ | ^ Muscle ^ MANTRAKSHAR ^ HINDI ^ Origin ^ Insertion ^ Artery ^ Nerve ^ Action ^ Antagonist ^ |
| | pectoralis major | बृहत् वक्षच्छदिका | clavicular head: anterior surface of medial half of clavicle sternocostal head: anterior surface of sternum, superior six costal cartilages | intertubercular groove of humerus | pectoral branch of thoracoacromial artery | lateral pectoral nerve, medial pectoral nerve clavicular head: C5 and C6 sternocostal head: C7, C8 and T1 | adducts and medially rotates humerus, draws scapula anteriorly and inferiorly clavicular head: flexes humerus sternocostal head: extends humerus | | | | pectoralis major | {{:muscles:pectoralis_major.png}} | बृहत् वक्षच्छदिका | clavicular head: anterior surface of medial half of clavicle sternocostal head: anterior surface of sternum, superior six costal cartilages | intertubercular groove of humerus | pectoral branch of thoracoacromial artery | lateral pectoral nerve, medial pectoral nerve clavicular head: C5 and C6 sternocostal head: C7, C8 and T1 | adducts and medially rotates humerus, draws scapula anteriorly and inferiorly clavicular head: flexes humerus sternocostal head: extends humerus | | |
| | pectoralis minor | लघु वक्षच्छदिका | 3rd to 5th ribs, near their costal cartilages | medial border and superior surface of coracoid process of scapula | | medial pectoral nerve (C8, T1) | stabilizes scapula by drawing it inferiorly and anteriorly against thoracic wall | | | | pectoralis minor | {{:muscles:pectoralis_minor.png}} | लघु वक्षच्छदिका | 3rd to 5th ribs, near their costal cartilages | medial border and superior surface of coracoid process of scapula | | medial pectoral nerve (C8, T1) | stabilizes scapula by drawing it inferiorly and anteriorly against thoracic wall | | |
| | subclavius | अधोजत्रुका | first rib | subclavian groove of clavicle | thoracoacromial artery, clavicular branch | subclavian nerve | depresses clavicle | | | | subclavius | {{:muscles:subclavius.png}} | अधोजत्रुका | first rib | subclavian groove of clavicle | thoracoacromial artery, clavicular branch | subclavian nerve | depresses clavicle | | |
| | serratus anterior | अग्र दंतुरिका | fleshy slips from outer surface of upper 8 or 9 ribs | costal surface of medial margin of scapula | upper part: lateral thoracic artery | long thoracic nerve (from roots of brachial plexus C5, C6, C7) | protracts and stabilises scapula, assists in upward rotation | rhomboid major, rhomboid minor, trapezius | | | serratus anterior |{{:muscles:serratus_ant.png}} | अग्र दंतुरिका | fleshy slips from outer surface of upper 8 or 9 ribs | costal surface of medial margin of scapula | upper part: lateral thoracic artery | long thoracic nerve (from roots of brachial plexus C5, C6, C7) | protracts and stabilises scapula, assists in upward rotation | rhomboid major, rhomboid minor, trapezius | |
| | | | | | lower part:thoracodorsal artery | | | | | | | | | | | lower part:thoracodorsal artery | | | | |
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| ==== SHOULDER ==== | ==== SHOULDER ==== |
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| ^ Muscle ^ ^ Origin ^ Insertion ^ Artery ^ Nerve ^ Action ^ Antagonist ^ | ^ Muscle ^ MANTRAKSHAR ^ HINDI ^ Origin ^ Insertion ^ Artery ^ Nerve ^ Action ^ Antagonist ^ |
| | deltoid | त्रिकोणिका , अंसच्छद | clavicle, acromion, spine of scapula | deltoid tuberosity of humerus | primarily posterior circumflex humeral artery | axillary nerve | abducts, flexes, and extends shoulder | latissimus dorsi | | | deltoid |{{:muscles:deltoid.png}} | त्रिकोणिका , अंसच्छद | clavicle, acromion, spine of scapula | deltoid tuberosity of humerus | primarily posterior circumflex humeral artery | axillary nerve | abducts, flexes, and extends shoulder | latissimus dorsi | |
| | teres major | बृहत् अंसाभिवर्तिका | posterior surface of inferior angle of scapula | medial lip of intertubercular sulcus of humerus | subscapular artery, circumflex scapular artery | lower subscapular nerve (segmental levels C5 and C6) | internally rotates humerus | | | | teres major | {{:muscles:teres_major.png}} | बृहत् अंसाभिवर्तिका | posterior surface of inferior angle of scapula | medial lip of intertubercular sulcus of humerus | subscapular artery, circumflex scapular artery | lower subscapular nerve (segmental levels C5 and C6) | internally rotates humerus | | |
| | Rotator cuff | | | | | | | | | | Rotator cuff | | | | | | | | | |
| | supraspinatus | अभ्यंसपृष्ठिका | supraspinous fossa of scapula | superior facet of greater tubercle of humerus | suprascapular artery | suprascapular nerve | abducts and stabilises humerus | infraspinatus, teres minor, pectoralis major, latissimus dorsi | | | supraspinatus |{{:muscles:supraspinatus.png}} | अभ्यंसपृष्ठिका | supraspinous fossa of scapula | superior facet of greater tubercle of humerus | suprascapular artery | suprascapular nerve | abducts and stabilises humerus | infraspinatus, teres minor, pectoralis major, latissimus dorsi | |
| | infraspinatus | अधः अंतपृष्ठिका | infraspinous fossa of scapula | middle facet of greater tubercle of humerus | suprascapular artery, circumflex scapular artery | | laterally rotates, adducts, and stabilises humerus | subscapularis, pectoralis major, latissimus dorsi | | | infraspinatus | {{:muscles:infraspinatus.png}} | अधः अंतपृष्ठिका | infraspinous fossa of scapula | middle facet of greater tubercle of humerus | suprascapular artery, circumflex scapular artery | | laterally rotates, adducts, and stabilises humerus | subscapularis, pectoralis major, latissimus dorsi | |
| | teres minor | लघु अंसाभिवर्तिका | lateral border of scapula | inferior facet of greater tubercle of humerus | posterior circumflex humeral artery, circumflex scapular artery | axillary nerve | laterally rotates and adducts humerus | subscapularis, pectoralis major, latissimus dorsi | | | teres minor | {{:muscles:teres_minor.png}} | लघु अंसाभिवर्तिका | lateral border of scapula | inferior facet of greater tubercle of humerus | posterior circumflex humeral artery, circumflex scapular artery | axillary nerve | laterally rotates and adducts humerus | subscapularis, pectoralis major, latissimus dorsi | |
| | subscapularis | अधोअंसफलकिका | subscapular fossa of scapula | lesser tubercle of humerus | subscapular artery | upper subscapular nerve, lower subscapular nerve (C5, C6) | medially rotates humerus, stabilizes shoulder | infraspinatus, teres minor | | | subscapularis | {{:muscles:subscapularis.png}} | अधोअंसफलकिका | subscapular fossa of scapula | lesser tubercle of humerus | subscapular artery | upper subscapular nerve, lower subscapular nerve (C5, C6) | medially rotates humerus, stabilizes shoulder | infraspinatus, teres minor | |
| |
| ==== ARM ==== | ==== ARM ==== |
| === ANTERIOR COMPARTMENT === | === ANTERIOR COMPARTMENT === |
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| ^ Muscle ^ ^ Origin ^ Insertion ^ Artery ^ Nerve ^ Action ^ Antagonist ^ | ^ Muscle ^ Mantrakshar ^ ^ Origin ^ Insertion ^ Artery ^ Nerve ^ Action ^ Antagonist ^ |
| | coracobrachialis | तुंडप्रगंडिका | coracoid process of scapula | medial surface of humerus | brachial artery | musculocutaneous nerve | flexes and adducts shoulder | | | | coracobrachialis | {{:muscles:coracobrachialis.png}} | तुंडप्रगंडिका | coracoid process of scapula | medial surface of humerus | brachial artery | musculocutaneous nerve | flexes and adducts shoulder | | |
| | biceps brachii | प्रगंडद्विशिरस्का | short head: coracoid process of scapula | radial tuberosity, bicipital aponeurosis | | musculocutaneous nerve (lateral cord: C5, C6, C7) | flexes elbow, supinates forearm | triceps brachii | | | biceps brachii | {{:muscles:biceps_brachii.png}} | प्रगंडद्विशिरस्का | short head: coracoid process of scapula | radial tuberosity, bicipital aponeurosis | | musculocutaneous nerve (lateral cord: C5, C6, C7) | flexes elbow, supinates forearm | triceps brachii | |
| | | | long head: supraglenoid tubercle | | | | | | | | | | | long head: supraglenoid tubercle | | | | | | |
| | brachialis | प्रगंडिका | anterior surface of humerus (mainly distal half) | coronoid process of ulna, tuberosity of ulna | radial recurrent artery | musculocutaneous nerve | flexes elbow | | | | brachialis | {{:muscles:brachialis.png}} | प्रगंडिका | anterior surface of humerus (mainly distal half) | coronoid process of ulna, tuberosity of ulna | radial recurrent artery | musculocutaneous nerve | flexes elbow | | |
| |
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| === POSTERIOR COMPARTMENT === | === POSTERIOR COMPARTMENT === |
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| ^ Muscle ^ ^ Origin ^ Insertion ^ Artery ^ Nerve ^ Action ^ Antagonist ^ | ^ Muscle ^ Mantrakshar ^ ^ Origin ^ Insertion ^ Artery ^ Nerve ^ Action ^ Antagonist ^ |
| | triceps brachii | त्रिशिरस्का | long head: infraglenoid tubercle of scapula | olecranon of ulna | deep artery of arm | radial nerve | extends forearm | biceps brachii, brachialis | | | triceps brachii |{{:muscles:triceps_brachii.png}} | त्रिशिरस्का | long head: infraglenoid tubercle of scapula | olecranon of ulna | deep artery of arm | radial nerve | extends forearm | biceps brachii, brachialis | |
| | | | lateral head: posterior humerus (above radial sulcus) | | | | long head: adducts shoulder medial head: does not function at shoulder | | | | | | | lateral head: posterior humerus (above radial sulcus) | | | | long head: adducts shoulder medial head: does not function at shoulder | | |
| | | | medial head: posterior humerus - (below radial sulcus) | | | | | | | | | | | medial head: posterior humerus - (below radial sulcus) | | | | | | |
| | anconeus | कूर्परपृष्ठिका | lateral epicondyle of humerus | lateral surface of olecranon, superior part of posterior ulna | deep artery of arm, interosseous recurrent artery | radial nerve (C7, C8, and T1) | partly blended with triceps, extendsforearm, stabilises elbow, abducts ulna during pronation | | | | anconeus |{{:muscles:anconeus.png}} | कूर्परपृष्ठिका | lateral epicondyle of humerus | lateral surface of olecranon, superior part of posterior ulna | deep artery of arm, interosseous recurrent artery | radial nerve (C7, C8, and T1) | partly blended with triceps, extendsforearm, stabilises elbow, abducts ulna during pronation | | |
| |
| ==== FOREARM ==== | ==== FOREARM ==== |
| **SUPERFICIAL** | **SUPERFICIAL** |
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| ^ Muscle ^ ^ Origin ^ Insertion ^ Artery ^ Nerve ^ Action ^ Antagonist ^ | ^ Muscle ^ MANTRAKSHAR ^ ^ Origin ^ Insertion ^ Artery ^ Nerve ^ Action ^ Antagonist ^ |
| | pronator teres | गोल अवतानिका | humeral head: medial epicondyle of humerus (common flexor tendon) | pronator tuberosity of radius | ulnar artery, radial artery | median nerve | pronates forearm, flexes elbow | supinator | | | pronator teres |{{:muscles:pronator_teres.png}} | गोल अवतानिका | humeral head: medial epicondyle of humerus (common flexor tendon) | pronator tuberosity of radius | ulnar artery, radial artery | median nerve | pronates forearm, flexes elbow | supinator | |
| | | | ulnar head: coronoid process of ulna | | | | | | | | | | | ulnar head: coronoid process of ulna | | | | | | |
| | flexor carpi radialis | बहिर्मणिबंध आकुंचनी | medial epicondyle of humerus (common flexor tendon) | bases of second metacarpal, base of third metacarpal | radial artery | | flexes and abducts wrist | extensor carpi radialis brevis, extensor carpi radialis longus | | | flexor carpi radialis |{{:muscles:fcr.png}} | बहिर्मणिबंध आकुंचनी | medial epicondyle of humerus (common flexor tendon) | bases of second metacarpal, base of third metacarpal | radial artery | | flexes and abducts wrist | extensor carpi radialis brevis, extensor carpi radialis longus | |
| | palmaris longus | दीर्घ करतलिका | | palmar aponeurosis | ulnar artery | | flexes wrist | extensor carpi radialis brevis, extensor carpi radialis longus, extensor carpi ulnaris | | | palmaris longus |{{:muscles:palmaris_longus.png}} | दीर्घ करतलिका | | palmar aponeurosis | ulnar artery | | flexes wrist | extensor carpi radialis brevis, extensor carpi radialis longus, extensor carpi ulnaris | |
| | flexor carpi ulnaris | अंतर्मणिबंध आकुंचनी | | pisiform, hook of hamate, base of fifth metacarpal | | muscular branches of ulnar nerve | flexes and adducts wrist | extensor carpi ulnaris | | | flexor carpi ulnaris |{{:muscles:fcu.png}} | अंतर्मणिबंध आकुंचनी | | pisiform, hook of hamate, base of fifth metacarpal | | muscular branches of ulnar nerve | flexes and adducts wrist | extensor carpi ulnaris | |
| | flexor digitorum superficialis | उपरस्थि अंगुलि आकुंचनी | medial epicondyle of humerus (common flexor tendon), parts of radius and ulna | bases of middle phalanges 2, 3, 4, and 5 | | median nerve | flexes fingers (primarily at proximal interphalangeal joints) | extensor digitorum | | | flexor digitorum superficialis |{{:muscles:fds.png}} | उपरस्थि अंगुलि आकुंचनी | medial epicondyle of humerus (common flexor tendon), parts of radius and ulna | bases of middle phalanges 2, 3, 4, and 5 | | median nerve | flexes fingers (primarily at proximal interphalangeal joints) | extensor digitorum | |
| |
| **DEEP** | **DEEP** |
| |
| ^ Muscle ^ ^ Origin ^ Insertion ^ Artery ^ Nerve ^ Action ^ Antagonist ^ | ^ Muscle ^ MANTRAKSHAR ^ HINDI ^ Origin ^ Insertion ^ Artery ^ Nerve ^ Action ^ Antagonist ^ |
| | pronator quadratus | चतुरस्र अवतानिका | medial anterior surface of ulna | lateral anterior surface of radius | anterior interosseous artery | anterior interosseous nerve (median nerve) | weakly pronates forearm | supinator | | | pronator quadratus | {{:muscles:pronator_quadratus.png}} | चतुरस्र अवतानिका | medial anterior surface of ulna | lateral anterior surface of radius | anterior interosseous artery | anterior interosseous nerve (median nerve) | weakly pronates forearm | supinator | |
| | flexor digitorum profundus | गभीर अंगुलि आकुंचनी | ulna | distal phalanges | | lateral belly: anterior interosseous nerve (median nerve) | flexes wrist, flexes interphalangeal joints | extensor digitorum | | | flexor digitorum profundus | {{:muscles:fdp.png}} | गभीर अंगुलि आकुंचनी | ulna | distal phalanges | | lateral belly: anterior interosseous nerve (median nerve) | flexes wrist, flexes interphalangeal joints | extensor digitorum | |
| | | | | | | medial belly: muscular branches of ulna nerve | | | | | | | | | | | medial belly: muscular branches of ulna nerve | | | |
| | flexor pollicis longus | दीर्घ अंगुष्ठ आकुंचनी | middle half of volar surface of radius, interosseus membrane | base of distal phalanx of thumb | | anterior interosseous nerve (median nerve) (C8, T1) | flexes thumb | extensor pollicis longus, extensor pollicis brevis | | | flexor pollicis longus |{{:muscles:fpl.png}} | दीर्घ अंगुष्ठ आकुंचनी | middle half of volar surface of radius, interosseus membrane | base of distal phalanx of thumb | | anterior interosseous nerve (median nerve) (C8, T1) | flexes thumb | extensor pollicis longus, extensor pollicis brevis | |
| |
| === POSTERIOR COMPARTMENT === | === POSTERIOR COMPARTMENT === |
| **SUPERFICIAL** | **SUPERFICIAL** |
| |
| ^ Muscle ^ ^ Origin ^ Insertion ^ Artery ^ Nerve ^ Action ^ Antagonist ^ | ^ Muscle ^ MANTRAKSHAR ^ HINDI ^ Origin ^ Insertion ^ Artery ^ Nerve ^ Action ^ Antagonist ^ |
| | extensor digitorum | अंगुलि प्रसारिणी | lateral epicondyle of humerus (common extensor tendon) | 2nd–5th phalanges | posterior interosseous artery | posterior interosseous nerve (C7, C8) | extends hand, extends fingers | flexor digitorum superficialis, flexor digitorum profundus | | | extensor digitorum |{{:muscles:extensor_digitorum.png}} | अंगुलि प्रसारिणी | lateral epicondyle of humerus (common extensor tendon) | 2nd–5th phalanges | posterior interosseous artery | posterior interosseous nerve (C7, C8) | extends hand, extends fingers | flexor digitorum superficialis, flexor digitorum profundus | |
| | extensor digiti minimi | कनिष्ठिका प्रसारिणी | anterior surface of lateral epicondyle of humerus (common extensor tendon) | extensor expansion, located at base of proximal phalanx on dorsal side | extends little finger at all joints | flexor digiti minimi brevis | extensor digiti minimi | anterior surface of lateral epicondyle of humerus (common extensor tendon) | | | extensor digiti minimi |{{:muscles:edm.png}} | कनिष्ठिका प्रसारिणी | anterior surface of lateral epicondyle of humerus (common extensor tendon) | extensor expansion, located at base of proximal phalanx on dorsal side | extends little finger at all joints | flexor digiti minimi brevis | extensor digiti minimi | anterior surface of lateral epicondyle of humerus (common extensor tendon) | |
| | extensor carpi ulnaris | अंतर्मणिबंध प्रसारिणी | lateral epicondyle of humerus (common extensor tendon), ulna | 5th metacarpal | ulnar artery | extends and adducts wrist | flexor carpi ulnaris | extensor carpi ulnaris | | | extensor carpi ulnaris | {{:muscles:ecu.png}} | अंतर्मणिबंध प्रसारिणी | lateral epicondyle of humerus (common extensor tendon), ulna | 5th metacarpal | ulnar artery | extends and adducts wrist | flexor carpi ulnaris | extensor carpi ulnaris | |
| | Mobile wad | | Mobile wad | Mobile wad | Mobile wad | Mobile wad | Mobile wad | Mobile wad | | | Mobile wad | | | Mobile wad | Mobile wad | Mobile wad | Mobile wad | Mobile wad | Mobile wad | |
| | brachioradialis | प्रगंड बहिःप्रकोष्ठिका | lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus | radial styloid process (distal radius) | radial recurrent artery | radial nerve | flexes forearm, pronates forearm when supine, supinates forearm when prone | | | | brachioradialis |{{:muscles:brachioradialis.png}} | प्रगंड बहिःप्रकोष्ठिका | lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus | radial styloid process (distal radius) | radial recurrent artery | radial nerve | flexes forearm, pronates forearm when supine, supinates forearm when prone | | |
| | extensor carpi radialis longus | दीर्घ बहिर्मणिबंध प्रसारिणी | 2nd metacarpal | radial artery | extends wrist joint, abducts hand at wrist | flexor carpi radialis | extensor carpi radialis longus | 2nd metacarpal | | | extensor carpi radialis longus |{{:muscles:ecrl.png}} | दीर्घ बहिर्मणिबंध प्रसारिणी | 2nd metacarpal | radial artery | extends wrist joint, abducts hand at wrist | flexor carpi radialis | extensor carpi radialis longus | 2nd metacarpal | |
| | extensor carpi radialis brevis | लघु बहिर्मणिबंध प्रसारिणी | anterior surface of lateral epicondyle of humerus (common extensor tendon) | base of 3rd metacarpal | posterior interosseus nerve | extensor carpi radialis brevis | anterior surface of lateral epicondyle of humerus (common extensor tendon) | base of 3rd metacarpal | | | extensor carpi radialis brevis | {{:muscles:ecrb.png}} | लघु बहिर्मणिबंध प्रसारिणी | anterior surface of lateral epicondyle of humerus (common extensor tendon) | base of 3rd metacarpal | posterior interosseus nerve | extensor carpi radialis brevis | anterior surface of lateral epicondyle of humerus (common extensor tendon) | base of 3rd metacarpal | |
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| **DEEP** | **DEEP** |
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| ^ Muscle ^ ^ Origin ^ Insertion ^ Artery ^ Nerve ^ Action ^ Antagonist ^ | ^ Muscle ^ MANTRAKSHAR ^ HINDI ^ Origin ^ Insertion ^ Artery ^ Nerve ^ Action ^ Antagonist ^ |
| | supinator | उत्ताननी | lateral epicondyle of humerus, supinator crest of ulna, radial collateral ligament, annular ligament | lateral proximal shaft of radius | radial recurrent artery | posterior interosseus nerve (C7, C8) | supinates forearm | pronator teres, pronator quadratus | | | supinator |{{:muscles:supinator.png}} | उत्ताननी | lateral epicondyle of humerus, supinator crest of ulna, radial collateral ligament, annular ligament | lateral proximal shaft of radius | radial recurrent artery | posterior interosseus nerve (C7, C8) | supinates forearm | pronator teres, pronator quadratus | |
| | extensor indicis | तर्जनी प्रसारिणी | ulna | index finger (extensor hood) | | extends index finger, wrist | | extensor indicis | | | extensor indicis | | तर्जनी प्रसारिणी | ulna | index finger (extensor hood) | | extends index finger, wrist | | extensor indicis | |
| ^ Anatomical snuff box ^ ^ Anatomical snuff box ^ Anatomical snuff box ^ Anatomical snuff box ^ Anatomical snuff box ^ Anatomical snuff box ^ Anatomical snuff box ^ | ^ Anatomical snuff box | ^ ^ Anatomical snuff box ^ Anatomical snuff box ^ Anatomical snuff box ^ Anatomical snuff box ^ Anatomical snuff box ^ Anatomical snuff box ^ |
| | abductor pollicis longus | दीर्घ अंगुष्ठापवर्तनी | ulna | first metacarpal | posterior interosseous artery | posterior interosseous nerve (C7, C8) | abducts and extends thumb | adductor pollicis | | | abductor pollicis longus | {{:muscles:apl.png}} | दीर्घ अंगुष्ठापवर्तनी | ulna | first metacarpal | posterior interosseous artery | posterior interosseous nerve (C7, C8) | abducts and extends thumb | adductor pollicis | |
| | extensor pollicis brevis | लघु अंगुष्ठ प्रसारिणी | radius, interosseous membrane of forearm | proximal phalanx of thumb | extends thumb at metacarpophalangeal joint | flexor pollicis longus, flexor pollicis brevis | extensor pollicis brevis | radius, interosseous membrane of forearm | | | extensor pollicis brevis |{{:muscles:epb.png}} | लघु अंगुष्ठ प्रसारिणी | radius, interosseous membrane of forearm | proximal phalanx of thumb | extends thumb at metacarpophalangeal joint | flexor pollicis longus, flexor pollicis brevis | extensor pollicis brevis | radius, interosseous membrane of forearm | |
| | extensor pollicis longus | दीर्घ अंगुष्ठ प्रसारिणी | ulna, interosseous membrane of forearm | distal phalanx of thumb | extends thumb (metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal) | extensor pollicis longus | ulna, interosseous membrane of forearm | distal phalanx of thumb | | | extensor pollicis longus |{{:muscles:epl.png}} | दीर्घ अंगुष्ठ प्रसारिणी | ulna, interosseous membrane of forearm | distal phalanx of thumb | extends thumb (metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal) | extensor pollicis longus | ulna, interosseous membrane of forearm | distal phalanx of thumb | |
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| ==== HAND ==== | ==== HAND ==== |
| === LATERAL VOLAR === | === LATERAL VOLAR === |
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| ^ Muscle ^ ^ Origin ^ Insertion ^ Artery ^ Nerve ^ Action ^ Antagonist ^ | ^ Muscle ^ MANTRAKSHAR ^ HINDI ^ Origin ^ Insertion ^ Artery ^ Nerve ^ Action ^ Antagonist ^ |
| | opponens pollicis | अंगुष्ठ व्यावर्तिका | trapezium, transverse carpal ligament | metacarpal bone of thumb on its radial side | superficial palmar arch | median nerve | opposes thumb | | | | opponens pollicis | | अंगुष्ठ व्यावर्तिका | trapezium, transverse carpal ligament | metacarpal bone of thumb on its radial side | superficial palmar arch | median nerve | opposes thumb | | |
| | flexor pollicis brevis | लघु अंगुष्ठ आकुंचनी | trapezoid, flexor retinaculum | thumb, proximal phalanx | | median nerve, deep branch of ulnar nerve (medial head) | flexes thumb | extensor pollicis longus, extensor pollicis brevis | | | flexor pollicis brevis |{{:muscles:fpb.png}} | लघु अंगुष्ठ आकुंचनी | trapezoid, flexor retinaculum | thumb, proximal phalanx | | median nerve, deep branch of ulnar nerve (medial head) | flexes thumb | extensor pollicis longus, extensor pollicis brevis | |
| | abductor pollicis brevis | लघु अंगुष्ठापवर्तनी | flexor retinaculum of hand, scaphoid and trapezium | radial base of proximal phalanx of thumb and thumb extensors | | median nerve | abducts thumb | adductor pollicis | | | abductor pollicis brevis |{{:muscles:apb.png}} | लघु अंगुष्ठापवर्तनी | flexor retinaculum of hand, scaphoid and trapezium | radial base of proximal phalanx of thumb and thumb extensors | | median nerve | abducts thumb | adductor pollicis | |
| | adductor pollicis | अंगुष्ठाभिवर्तनी | transverse head: anterior body of third metacarpal | medial side of base of proximal phalanx of thumb and ulnar sesamoid | deep palmar arch | deep branch of ulnar nerve (T1) | adducts thumb at carpometacarpal joint | abductor pollicis longus, abductor pollicis brevis | | | adductor pollicis |{{:muscles:adductor_pollicis.png}} | अंगुष्ठाभिवर्तनी | transverse head: anterior body of third metacarpal | medial side of base of proximal phalanx of thumb and ulnar sesamoid | deep palmar arch | deep branch of ulnar nerve (T1) | adducts thumb at carpometacarpal joint | abductor pollicis longus, abductor pollicis brevis | |
| | | | oblique head: bases of second and third metacarpals and adjacent trapezoid and capitate bones | | | | | | | | | | | oblique head: bases of second and third metacarpals and adjacent trapezoid and capitate bones | | | | | | |
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| === MEDIAL VOLAR === | === MEDIAL VOLAR === |
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| ^ Muscle ^ ^ Origin ^ Insertion ^ Artery ^ Nerve ^ Action ^ Antagonist ^ | ^ Muscle ^ MANTRAKSHAR ^ HINDI ^ Origin ^ Insertion ^ Artery ^ Nerve ^ Action ^ Antagonist ^ |
| | palmaris brevis | लघु करतलिका | flexor retinaculum (medial), palmar aponeurosis | palm | palmar metacarpal artery | superficial branch of ulnar nerve | wrinkle skin of palm | | | | palmaris brevis |{{:muscles:palmaris_brevis.png}} | लघु करतलिका | flexor retinaculum (medial), palmar aponeurosis | palm | palmar metacarpal artery | superficial branch of ulnar nerve | wrinkle skin of palm | | |
| | hypothenar | | | | | | | | | | hypothenar | | | | | | | | | |
| | abductor digiti minimi | कनिष्ठपवर्तनी | pisiform | base of proximal phalanx of 5th digit on ulnar or medial side | ulnar artery | deep branch of ulnar nerve | abducts little finger | | | | abductor digiti minimi | {{:muscles:adm.png}} | कनिष्ठपवर्तनी | pisiform | base of proximal phalanx of 5th digit on ulnar or medial side | ulnar artery | deep branch of ulnar nerve | abducts little finger | | |
| | flexor digiti minimi brevis | लघु कनिष्ठा आकुंचनी | hamate bone | little finger | | deep branch of ulnar nerve | flexes little finger | extensor digiti minimi | | | flexor digiti minimi brevis |{{:muscles:fdmb.png}} | लघु कनिष्ठा आकुंचनी | hamate bone | little finger | | deep branch of ulnar nerve | flexes little finger | extensor digiti minimi | |
| | opponens digiti minimi | लघु कनिष्ठा व्यावर्तिका | hook of hamate, flexor retinaculum | medial border of 5th metacarpal | | deep branch of ulnar nerve (C8 and T1) | draws 5th metacarpal anteriorly and rotates it, bringing little finger (5th digit) into opposition with thumb | | | | opponens digiti minimi | | लघु कनिष्ठा व्यावर्तिका | hook of hamate, flexor retinaculum | medial border of 5th metacarpal | | deep branch of ulnar nerve (C8 and T1) | draws 5th metacarpal anteriorly and rotates it, bringing little finger (5th digit) into opposition with thumb | | |
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| === INTERMEDIATE === | === INTERMEDIATE === |
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| ^ Muscle ^ Origin ^ Insertion ^ Artery ^ Nerve ^ Action ^ Antagonist ^ | ^ Muscle ^ MANTRAKSHAR ^ Origin ^ Insertion ^ Artery ^ Nerve ^ Action ^ Antagonist ^ |
| | lumbrical | flexor digitorum profundus | extensor expansion | superficial palmar arch, common palmar digital arteries, deep palmar arch, dorsal digital artery | deep branch of ulnar nerve, median nerve | flex metacarpophalangeal joints, extend interphalangeal joints | | | | lumbrical | | flexor digitorum profundus | extensor expansion | superficial palmar arch, common palmar digital arteries, deep palmar arch, dorsal digital artery | deep branch of ulnar nerve, median nerve | flex metacarpophalangeal joints, extend interphalangeal joints | | |
| | dorsal interossei | metacarpals | proximal phalanges | dorsal metacarpal artery, palmar metacarpal artery | deep branch of ulnar nerve | abduct fingers | palmar interossei | | | dorsal interossei | | metacarpals | proximal phalanges | dorsal metacarpal artery, palmar metacarpal artery | deep branch of ulnar nerve | abduct fingers | palmar interossei | |
| | palmar interossei | | | palmar metacarpal artery | | adduct fingers | dorsal interossei | | | palmar interossei | | | | palmar metacarpal artery | | adduct fingers | dorsal interossei | |
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| ==== ILIAC REGION ==== | ==== ILIAC REGION ==== |
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| ^ Muscle | ^ Origin ^ Insertion ^ Artery ^ Nerve ^ Action ^ Antagonist ^ | ^ Muscle ^ MANTRAKSHAR ^ HINDI ^ Origin ^ Insertion ^ Artery ^ Nerve ^ Action ^ Antagonist ^ |
| | iliopsoas | श्रोणिफलक कटिलंबिका | iliac fossa (iliacus), sacrum (iliacus), spine (T12, L1, lumbar vertebra, psoas major, psoas minor)[6] | lesser trochanter of femur (psoas major), shaft below lesser trochanter (iliacus), tendon of psoas major & femur (iliacus)[6] | medial femoral circumflex artery, iliolumbar artery | femoral nerve, lumbar nerves L1, L2 | flexes hip (psoas major/minor, iliacus), spine rotation (psoas major/minor) | gluteus maximus, posterior compartment of thigh | | | iliopsoas |{{:muscles:iliopsoas.png}} | श्रोणिफलक कटिलंबिका | iliac fossa (iliacus), sacrum (iliacus), spine (T12, L1, lumbar vertebra, psoas major, psoas minor)[6] | lesser trochanter of femur (psoas major), shaft below lesser trochanter (iliacus), tendon of psoas major & femur (iliacus)[6] | medial femoral circumflex artery, iliolumbar artery | femoral nerve, lumbar nerves L1, L2 | flexes hip (psoas major/minor, iliacus), spine rotation (psoas major/minor) | gluteus maximus, posterior compartment of thigh | |
| | psoas major | बृहत् कटिलंबिका | transverse processes, bodies and intervertebral discs of T12-L5 vertebrae | lesser trochanter of femur | iliolumbar artery | lumbar plexus via anterior branches of L1, L2, L3[7] | flexes and rotates laterally thigh | gluteus maximus | | | psoas major |{{:muscles:pasoas_minor.png}} | बृहत् कटिलंबिका | transverse processes, bodies and intervertebral discs of T12-L5 vertebrae | lesser trochanter of femur | iliolumbar artery | lumbar plexus via anterior branches of L1, L2, L3[7] | flexes and rotates laterally thigh | gluteus maximus | |
| | psoas minor | लघु कटिलंबिका | side of T11+L1 and IV intervertebral disc | Pectineal line and iliopectineal eminence | iliolumbar artery, lumbar arteries | L1 | weakly flexes trunk flexor | | | | psoas minor |{{:muscles:psoas_major.png}} | लघु कटिलंबिका | side of T11+L1 and IV intervertebral disc | Pectineal line and iliopectineal eminence | iliolumbar artery, lumbar arteries | L1 | weakly flexes trunk flexor | | |
| | iliacus | श्रोणिफलकिका | iliac fossa | lesser trochanter of femur | medial femoral circumflex artery, Iliolumbar artery | femoral nerve (L2, L3[7]) | flexes hip[8] | | | | iliacus | {{:muscles:iliacus.png}} | श्रोणिफलकिका | iliac fossa | lesser trochanter of femur | medial femoral circumflex artery, Iliolumbar artery | femoral nerve (L2, L3[7]) | flexes hip[8] | | |
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| ==== GLUTEAL REGION ==== | ==== GLUTEAL REGION ==== |
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| ^ Muscle | ^ Origin ^ Insertion ^ Artery ^ Nerve ^ Action ^ Antagonist ^ | ^ Muscle ^ MANTRAKSHAR ^ HINDI ^ Origin ^ Insertion ^ Artery ^ Nerve ^ Action ^ Antagonist ^ |
| | tensor fasciae latae | ऊरु प्रावरणी तानिका | iliac crest | iliotibial tract | primarily lateral circumflex femoral artery, superior gluteal artery | superior gluteal nerve (L4, L5) | flexes thigh, medially rotates thigh, stabilises torso | | | | tensor fasciae latae |{{:muscles:tensor_fascia_lata.png}} | ऊरु प्रावरणी तानिका | iliac crest | iliotibial tract | primarily lateral circumflex femoral artery, superior gluteal artery | superior gluteal nerve (L4, L5) | flexes thigh, medially rotates thigh, stabilises torso | | |
| | gluteal | नितंबिका | | | | | | | | | gluteal | | नितंबिका | | | | | | | |
| | gluteus maximus | बृहत् / MAHA नितंबिका | gluteal surface of ilium, lumbar fascia, sacrum, sacrotuberous ligament | gluteal tuberosity of femur, iliotibial tract | superior gluteal artery, inferior gluteal artery | inferior gluteal nerve (L5, S1, S2 nerve roots) | externally rotates and extends hip joint, supports extended knee through iliotibial tract, chief antigravity muscle in sitting | Iliacus, psoas major, psoas minor | | | gluteus maximus |{{:muscles:gluteus_max.png}} | बृहत् / MAHA नितंबिका | gluteal surface of ilium, lumbar fascia, sacrum, sacrotuberous ligament | gluteal tuberosity of femur, iliotibial tract | superior gluteal artery, inferior gluteal artery | inferior gluteal nerve (L5, S1, S2 nerve roots) | externally rotates and extends hip joint, supports extended knee through iliotibial tract, chief antigravity muscle in sitting | Iliacus, psoas major, psoas minor | |
| | gluteus medius | मध्य नितंबिका | gluteal surface of ilium, under gluteus maximus | greater trochanter of femur | superior gluteal artery | superior gluteal nerve (L4, L5, S1 nerve roots) | abduction of hip; preventing adduction of hip Medial rotation of thigh | lateral rotator group | | | gluteus medius | {{:muscles:gluteus_med.png}} | मध्य नितंबिका | gluteal surface of ilium, under gluteus maximus | greater trochanter of femur | superior gluteal artery | superior gluteal nerve (L4, L5, S1 nerve roots) | abduction of hip; preventing adduction of hip Medial rotation of thigh | lateral rotator group | |
| | gluteus minimus | लघु नितंबिका | gluteal surface of ilium, under gluteus medius | | | | | | | | gluteus minimus | {{:muscles:gluteus_min.png}} | लघु नितंबिका | gluteal surface of ilium, under gluteus medius | | | | | | |
| | lateral rotator group | | at or below acetabulum of ilium | on or near greater trochanter of femur | inferior gluteal artery, lateral sacral artery, superior gluteal artery | obturator nerve, piriformis nerve, nerve to quadratus femoris | laterally rotates hip | gluteus minimus, gluteus medius | | | lateral rotator group | | | at or below acetabulum of ilium | on or near greater trochanter of femur | inferior gluteal artery, lateral sacral artery, superior gluteal artery | obturator nerve, piriformis nerve, nerve to quadratus femoris | laterally rotates hip | gluteus minimus, gluteus medius | |
| | piriformis | तुम्बिका | sacrum | greater trochanter | | piriformis nerve (S1 and S2 nerve roots)[9] | laterally rotates (outward) thigh | | | | piriformis |{{:muscles:piriformis.png}} | तुम्बिका | sacrum | greater trochanter | | piriformis nerve (S1 and S2 nerve roots)[9] | laterally rotates (outward) thigh | | |
| | obturator externus | बाह्य गवाक्षिका | obturator foramen and obturatory membrane | medial surface of greater trochanter of femur | obturator artery | posterior branch of obturator nerve (L3, L4) | adduct thigh, rotate laterally thigh | | | | obturator externus |{{:muscles:obturator_ext.png}} | बाह्य गवाक्षिका | obturator foramen and obturatory membrane | medial surface of greater trochanter of femur | obturator artery | posterior branch of obturator nerve (L3, L4) | adduct thigh, rotate laterally thigh | | |
| | superior gemellus | | ischial spine | | | nerve to obturator internus (L5, S1, S2) | | | | | superior gemellus | {{:muscles:gemellus_sup.png}} | | ischial spine | | | nerve to obturator internus (L5, S1, S2) | | | |
| | obturator internus | आभ्यंतर गवाक्षिका | ischiopubic ramus, obturator membrane | medial surface of greater trochanter of femur | | | abducts & rotates laterally thigh, stabilises hip during walking | | | | obturator internus | {{:muscles:obt_int.png}} | आभ्यंतर गवाक्षिका | ischiopubic ramus, obturator membrane | medial surface of greater trochanter of femur | | | abducts & rotates laterally thigh, stabilises hip during walking | | |
| | inferior gemellus | | ischial tuberosity | obturator internus tendon | | nerve to quadratus femoris (L4, L5, S1) | laterally rotates thigh | | | | inferior gemellus |{{:muscles:gemellus_inf.png}} | | ischial tuberosity | obturator internus tendon | | nerve to quadratus femoris (L4, L5, S1) | laterally rotates thigh | | |
| | quadratus femoris | ऊरु चतुरस्रिका | | intertrochanteric crest | inferior gluteal artery | | | | | | quadratus femoris | {{:muscles:quadratus_femoris.png}} | ऊरु चतुरस्रिका | | intertrochanteric crest | inferior gluteal artery | | | | |
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| ^ Muscle ^ ^ Origin ^ Insertion ^ Artery ^ Nerve ^ Action ^ Antagonist ^ | ^ Muscle ^ MANTRAKSHAR ^ HINDI ^ Origin ^ Insertion ^ Artery ^ Nerve ^ Action ^ Antagonist ^ |
| | articularis genus | | femur | suprapatellar bursa | femoral artery | femoral nerve | pulls suprapatellar bursa during extension of knee | | | | articularis genus |{{:muscles:articularis_genu.png}} | | femur | suprapatellar bursa | femoral artery | femoral nerve | pulls suprapatellar bursa during extension of knee | | |
| | sartorius | दीर्घतमा | superior to anterior superior iliac spine | medial side of upper tibia in pes anserinus | | | flexes, laterally rotates, and abducts thigh, flexes and medially rotates leg | | | | sartorius |{{:muscles:sartorius.png}} | दीर्घतमा | superior to anterior superior iliac spine | medial side of upper tibia in pes anserinus | | | flexes, laterally rotates, and abducts thigh, flexes and medially rotates leg | | |
| | quadriceps femoris | ऊरु चतुःशिरस्का | combined rectus femoris and vastus muscles | patella and tibial tuberosity via patellar tendon | | | extends knee, flexes hip (rectus femoris only) | hamstring | | | quadriceps femoris | {{:muscles:quadriceps_femor.png}} | ऊरु चतुःशिरस्का | combined rectus femoris and vastus muscles | patella and tibial tuberosity via patellar tendon | | | extends knee, flexes hip (rectus femoris only) | hamstring | |
| | rectus femoris | समऔर्विका | anterior inferior iliac spine and exterior surface of bony ridge which forms iliac portion of acetabulum | | | | knee extension; hip flexion | | | | rectus femoris |{{:muscles:rectus_femoris.png}} | समऔर्विका | anterior inferior iliac spine and exterior surface of bony ridge which forms iliac portion of acetabulum | | | | knee extension; hip flexion | | |
| | vastus lateralis | पार्श्व बृहदिका | greater trochanter, intertrochanteric line, and linea aspera of femur | | | | extends knee | | | | vastus lateralis | {{:muscles:vastus_lateralis.png}} | पार्श्व बृहदिका | greater trochanter, intertrochanteric line, and linea aspera of femur | | | | extends knee | | |
| | vastus intermedius | मध्य बृहदिका | anterior surface of femur | | | | | | | | vastus intermedius |{{:muscles:vastus_intermedius.png}} | मध्य बृहदिका | anterior surface of femur | | | | | | |
| | vastus medialis | अभिमध्य बृहदिका | anteromedial surface of femur | | | | | | | | vastus medialis |{{:muscles:vastus_medialis.png}} | अभिमध्य बृहदिका | anteromedial surface of femur | | | | | | |
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| === POSTERIOR COMPARTMENT === | === POSTERIOR COMPARTMENT === |
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| ^ Muscle ^ ^ Origin ^ Insertion ^ Artery ^ Nerve ^ Action ^ Antagonist ^ | ^ Muscle ^ MANTRAKSHAR ^ HINDI ^ Origin ^ Insertion ^ Artery ^ Nerve ^ Action ^ Antagonist ^ |
| | hamstring | | | | | | | quadriceps femoris | | | hamstring | | | | | | | | quadriceps femoris | |
| | biceps femoris | ऊरु द्विशिरस्का | long head: ischial tuberosity | head of fibula[10] articulating with back of lateral tibial condyle | inferior gluteal artery, perforating arteries, popliteal artery | long head: medial (tibial) part of sciatic nerve | flexes knee joint, laterally rotates leg at knee (when knee is flexed), extends hip joint (long head only)[10] | | | | biceps femoris | {{:muscles:biceps_femoris.png}} | ऊरु द्विशिरस्का | long head: ischial tuberosity | head of fibula[10] articulating with back of lateral tibial condyle | inferior gluteal artery, perforating arteries, popliteal artery | long head: medial (tibial) part of sciatic nerve | flexes knee joint, laterally rotates leg at knee (when knee is flexed), extends hip joint (long head only)[10] | | |
| | | | short head: linea aspera of femur[10] | | | short head: lateral (common fibular) part of sciatic nerve[10] | | | | | | | | short head: linea aspera of femur[10] | | | short head: lateral (common fibular) part of sciatic nerve[10] | | | |
| | semitendinosus | कंडराकल्पिका | ischial tuberosity[10] | pes anserinus | inferior gluteal artery, perforating arteries | sciatic nerve[10] (tibial, L5, S1, S2) | flexes knee, extends hip, medially rotates leg at knee[10] | | | | semitendinosus |{{:muscles:semitendinosus.png}} | कंडराकल्पिका | ischial tuberosity[10] | pes anserinus | inferior gluteal artery, perforating arteries | sciatic nerve[10] (tibial, L5, S1, S2) | flexes knee, extends hip, medially rotates leg at knee[10] | | |
| | semimembranosus | कलाकल्पिका | | medial surface of tibia[10] | profunda femoris, gluteal artery | sciatic nerve[ | | | | | semimembranosus | {{:muscles:semimembranosus.png}} | कलाकल्पिका | | medial surface of tibia[10] | profunda femoris, gluteal artery | sciatic nerve[ | | | |
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| === MEDIAL COMPARTMENT === | === MEDIAL COMPARTMENT === |
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| ^ Muscle ^ ^ Origin ^ Insertion ^ Artery ^ Nerve ^ Action ^ Antagonist ^ | ^ Muscle ^ MANTRAKSHAR ^ HINDI ^ Origin ^ Insertion ^ Artery ^ Nerve ^ Action ^ Antagonist ^ |
| | adductor muscles of the hip | | pubis | femur, tibia | obturator artery | obturator nerve | adducts hip | gluteus medius, gluteus minimus | | | adductor muscles of the hip | | | pubis | femur, tibia | obturator artery | obturator nerve | adducts hip | gluteus medius, gluteus minimus | |
| | gracilis | तनुपेशी | inferior pubic ramus[11] | tibia (pes anserinus) | | anterior branch of obturator nerve[11] | adducts hip, flexes hip, medially rotates knee[11] | | | | gracilis | {{:muscles:gracilis.png}} | तनुपेशी | inferior pubic ramus[11] | tibia (pes anserinus) | | anterior branch of obturator nerve[11] | adducts hip, flexes hip, medially rotates knee[11] | | |
| | pectineus | कंकताभिका | superior pubic ramus[11] | lesser trochanter, linea aspera | | femoral nerve and obturator nerve (medial compartment)[11] | flexes and adducts hip[11] | | | | pectineus | {{:muscles:pectineus.png}} | कंकताभिका | superior pubic ramus[11] | lesser trochanter, linea aspera | | femoral nerve and obturator nerve (medial compartment)[11] | flexes and adducts hip[11] | | |
| | adductor brevis | लघु अभिवर्तनी | anterior surface of inferior pubic ramus[11] | lesser trochanter and linea aspera of femur | | anterior branch of obturator nerve[11] | adducts hip[11] | | | | adductor brevis | {{:muscles:adduct_brevis.png}} | लघु अभिवर्तनी | anterior surface of inferior pubic ramus[11] | lesser trochanter and linea aspera of femur | | anterior branch of obturator nerve[11] | adducts hip[11] | | |
| | adductor longus | दीर्घाभिवर्तनी | pubic body just below pubic crest | middle third of linea aspera | | | adducts and medially rotates hip[11] | | | | adductor longus | {{:muscles:addct_longus.png}} | दीर्घाभिवर्तनी | pubic body just below pubic crest | middle third of linea aspera | | | adducts and medially rotates hip[11] | | |
| | adductor magnus | बृहत् अभिवर्तनी | | femur, adductor tubercle of femur | | posterior branch of obturator nerve (adductor) and tibial part of sciatic nerve (vertical head)[11][12] | adducts hip[11] | | | | adductor magnus | {{:muscles:addct_magnus.png}} | बृहत् अभिवर्तनी | | femur, adductor tubercle of femur | | posterior branch of obturator nerve (adductor) and tibial part of sciatic nerve (vertical head)[11][12] | adducts hip[11] | | |
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| ^ Muscle ^ ^ Origin ^ Insertion ^ Artery ^ Nerve ^ Action ^ Antagonist ^ | ^ Muscle ^ MANTRAKSHAR ^ HINDI ^ Origin ^ Insertion ^ Artery ^ Nerve ^ Action ^ Antagonist ^ |
| | tibialis anterior | | body of tibia | medial cuneiform and first metatarsal bones of foot | anterior tibial artery | deep fibular nerve | dorsiflexes and inverts foot | fibularis longus, gastrocnemius, soleus, plantaris, tibialis posterior | | | tibialis anterior |{{:muscles:tibialis_ant.png}} | | body of tibia | medial cuneiform and first metatarsal bones of foot | anterior tibial artery | deep fibular nerve | dorsiflexes and inverts foot | fibularis longus, gastrocnemius, soleus, plantaris, tibialis posterior | |
| | extensor hallucis longus | दीर्घ पादांगुष्ठ प्रसारिणी | middle portion of anterior surface of fibula, anterior surface of interosseous membrane | dorsal side of base of distal phalanx of hallux | | | extends big toe, assists in dorsiflexion of foot at ankle, weakly inverts foot | flexor hallucis longus, flexor hallucis brevis | | | extensor hallucis longus |{{:muscles:ehl.png}} | दीर्घ पादांगुष्ठ प्रसारिणी | middle portion of anterior surface of fibula, anterior surface of interosseous membrane | dorsal side of base of distal phalanx of hallux | | | extends big toe, assists in dorsiflexion of foot at ankle, weakly inverts foot | flexor hallucis longus, flexor hallucis brevis | |
| | extensor digitorum longus | दीर्घ पादांगुलि प्रसारिणी | lateral condyle of tibia, superior ¾ of interosseous membrane | middle and distal phalanges of lateral four digits | | | extension of toes and ankle | flexor digitorum longus, flexor digitorum brevis | | | extensor digitorum longus |{{:muscles:edl.png}} | दीर्घ पादांगुलि प्रसारिणी | lateral condyle of tibia, superior ¾ of interosseous membrane | middle and distal phalanges of lateral four digits | | | extension of toes and ankle | flexor digitorum longus, flexor digitorum brevis | |
| | fibularis tertius | तृतीय पादविवर्तिका | distal anterior surface of fibula | dorsal surface of fifth metatarsal | | | dorsi flexes and everts foot | | | | fibularis tertius | | तृतीय पादविवर्तिका | distal anterior surface of fibula | dorsal surface of fifth metatarsal | | | dorsi flexes and everts foot | | |
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| === POSTERIOR COMPARTMENT === | === POSTERIOR COMPARTMENT === |
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| ^ SUPERFICIAL | ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ | ^ SUPERFICIAL ^ MANTRAKSHAR ^ HINDI ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ |
| ^ Muscle | ^ Origin ^ Insertion ^ Artery ^ Nerve ^ Action ^ Antagonist ^ | ^ Muscle ^ ^ ^ Origin ^ Insertion ^ Artery ^ Nerve ^ Action ^ Antagonist ^ |
| | triceps surae | त्रिशिरस्का | | achilles tendon, calcaneus | posterior tibial artery | tibial nerve | plantarflexes ankle | | | | triceps surae | | त्रिशिरस्का | | achilles tendon, calcaneus | posterior tibial artery | tibial nerve | plantarflexes ankle | | |
| | gastrocnemius | उपरस्थिपिंडिका , परापिंडिका | medial condyle and lateral condyle of femur | calcaneus | sural arteries | tibial nerve from sciatic nerve, specifically, nerve roots S1, S2 | plantarflexes ankle, flexes knee (minor) | tibialis anterior | | | gastrocnemius | | उपरस्थिपिंडिका , परापिंडिका | medial condyle and lateral condyle of femur | calcaneus | sural arteries | tibial nerve from sciatic nerve, specifically, nerve roots S1, S2 | plantarflexes ankle, flexes knee (minor) | tibialis anterior | |
| | soleus | पिंडिका | fibula, medial border of tibia (soleal line) | tendo calcaneus | | tibial nerve, specifically, nerve roots L5–S2 | plantarflexes ankle | | | | soleus | {{:muscles:soleus.png}} | पिंडिका | fibula, medial border of tibia (soleal line) | tendo calcaneus | | tibial nerve, specifically, nerve roots L5–S2 | plantarflexes ankle | | |
| | plantaris | अनुपिंडिका | lateral supracondylar ridge of femur above lateral head of gastrocnemius | calcaneal tendon (medial side, deep to gastrocnemius tendon) | | tibial nerve | plantarflexes ankle, flexes knee | | | | plantaris |{{:muscles:plantaris.png}} | अनुपिंडिका | lateral supracondylar ridge of femur above lateral head of gastrocnemius | calcaneal tendon (medial side, deep to gastrocnemius tendon) | | tibial nerve | plantarflexes ankle, flexes knee | | |
| ^ DEEP | ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ | ^ DEEP ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ |
| ^ Muscle | ^ Origin ^ Insertion ^ Artery ^ Nerve ^ Action ^ Antagonist ^ | ^ Muscle ^ ^ ^ Origin ^ Insertion ^ Artery ^ Nerve ^ Action ^ Antagonist ^ |
| | popliteus | जानुपृष्ठिका | middle facet of lateral surface of lateral femoral condyle | posterior tibia under tibial condyles | popliteal artery | tibial nerve | medially rotates and flexes knee | | | | popliteus |{{:muscles:popliteus.png}} | जानुपृष्ठिका | middle facet of lateral surface of lateral femoral condyle | posterior tibia under tibial condyles | popliteal artery | tibial nerve | medially rotates and flexes knee | | |
| | tarsal tunnel | | | | | | | | | | tarsal tunnel | | | | | | | | | |
| | flexor hallucis longus | दीर्घ पादांगुष्ठ आकुंचनी | posterior surface of upper 1/3 of fibula | base of distal phalanx of hallux | fibular artery (peroneal branch of posterior tibial artery | tibial nerve, S1, S2 nerve roots | flexes all joints of big toe, plantarflexes ankle | extensor hallucis longus | | | flexor hallucis longus |{{:muscles:fhl.png}} | दीर्घ पादांगुष्ठ आकुंचनी | posterior surface of upper 1/3 of fibula | base of distal phalanx of hallux | fibular artery (peroneal branch of posterior tibial artery | tibial nerve, S1, S2 nerve roots | flexes all joints of big toe, plantarflexes ankle | extensor hallucis longus | |
| | flexor digitorum longus | दीर्घ पादांगुलि आकुंचनी | medial tibia | distal phalanges of lateral four digits | posterior tibial artery | tibial nerve | flexes toes | extensor digitorum longus, extensor digitorum brevis | | | flexor digitorum longus | {{:muscles:fdl.png}} | दीर्घ पादांगुलि आकुंचनी | medial tibia | distal phalanges of lateral four digits | posterior tibial artery | tibial nerve | flexes toes | extensor digitorum longus, extensor digitorum brevis | |
| | tibialis posterior | | tibia, fibula | navicular, medial cuneiform | | | inverts foot, plantarflexes foot at ankle | tibialis anterior | | | tibialis posterior | {{:muscles:tibialis_post.png}} | | tibia, fibula | navicular, medial cuneiform | | | inverts foot, plantarflexes foot at ankle | tibialis anterior | |
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| === LATERAL COMPARTMENT === | === LATERAL COMPARTMENT === |
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| ^ Muscle ^ ^ Origin ^ Insertion ^ Artery ^ Nerve ^ Action ^ Antagonist ^ | ^ Muscle ^ MANTRAKSHAR ^ HINDI ^ Origin ^ Insertion ^ Artery ^ Nerve ^ Action ^ Antagonist ^ |
| | fibularis longus | दीर्घ पादविवर्तिका | fibula | first metatarsal, medial cuneiform | fibular artery | superficial fibular nerve | plantarflexes and everts ankle | tibialis anterior | | | fibularis longus | {{:muscles:peroneus_longus.png}} | दीर्घ पादविवर्तिका | fibula | first metatarsal, medial cuneiform | fibular artery | superficial fibular nerve | plantarflexes and everts ankle | tibialis anterior | |
| | fibularis brevis | लघु पादविवर्तिका | fibula | fifth metatarsal | fibular artery | superficial fibular nerve | plantarflexes and everts ankle | tibialis posterior | | | fibularis brevis |{{:muscles:peroneus_brevis.png}} | लघु पादविवर्तिका | fibula | fifth metatarsal | fibular artery | superficial fibular nerve | plantarflexes and everts ankle | tibialis posterior | |
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| ==== DORSAL ==== | ==== DORSAL ==== |
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| ^ Muscle ^ ^ Origin ^ Insertion ^ Artery ^ Nerve ^ Action ^ Antagonist ^ | ^ Muscle ^ MANTRAKSHAR ^ HINDI ^ Origin ^ Insertion ^ Artery ^ Nerve ^ Action ^ Antagonist ^ |
| | extensor digitorum brevis | लघु पादांगुलि प्रसारिणी | calcaneus | toes | | deep fibular nerve | extends digits 2, 3, and 4 | flexor digitorum longus, flexor digitorum brevis | | | extensor digitorum brevis |{{:muscles:edb.png}} | लघु पादांगुलि प्रसारिणी | calcaneus | toes | | deep fibular nerve | extends digits 2, 3, and 4 | flexor digitorum longus, flexor digitorum brevis | |
| | extensor hallucis brevis | लघु पादांगुष्ठ प्रसारिणी | | base of proximal phalanx of big toe | | deep fibular nerve | extends big toe | flexor hallucis brevis | | | extensor hallucis brevis |{{:muscles:ehb.png}} | लघु पादांगुष्ठ प्रसारिणी | | base of proximal phalanx of big toe | | deep fibular nerve | extends big toe | flexor hallucis brevis | |
| | dorsal interossei of foot | | metatarsals | proximal phalanges | | lateral plantar nerve(fourth interosseous space: superficial branch others: deep branch), first and second interossei: lateral branch of deep fibular nerve | abducts toes | plantar interossei | | | dorsal interossei of foot | | | metatarsals | proximal phalanges | | lateral plantar nerve(fourth interosseous space: superficial branch others: deep branch), first and second interossei: lateral branch of deep fibular nerve | abducts toes | plantar interossei | |
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| ==== PLANTAR ==== | ==== PLANTAR ==== |
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| ^ Muscle ^ ^ Origin ^ Insertion ^ Artery ^ Nerve ^ Action ^ Antagonist ^ | ^ Muscle ^ MANTRAKSHAR ^ HINDI ^ Origin ^ Insertion ^ Artery ^ Nerve ^ Action ^ Antagonist ^ |
| | abductor hallucis | पादांगुष्ठापवर्तनी | medial process of calcaneus, flexor retinaculum, plantar aponeurosis | medial side of base of proximal phalanx of first digit | | medial plantar nerve | abducts hallux | adductor hallucis | | | abductor hallucis | {{:muscles:abductor_hallucis.png}} | पादांगुष्ठापवर्तनी | medial process of calcaneus, flexor retinaculum, plantar aponeurosis | medial side of base of proximal phalanx of first digit | | medial plantar nerve | abducts hallux | adductor hallucis | |
| | flexor digitorum brevis | लघु पादांगुलि आकुंचनी | medial process of calcaneus, plantar aponeurosis, intermuscular septa | middle phalanges of digits 2–5 | | | flexes lateral four toes | extensor digitorum longus, extensor digitorum brevis | | | flexor digitorum brevis | {{:muscles:fdb.png}} | लघु पादांगुलि आकुंचनी | medial process of calcaneus, plantar aponeurosis, intermuscular septa | middle phalanges of digits 2–5 | | | flexes lateral four toes | extensor digitorum longus, extensor digitorum brevis | |
| | abductor digiti minimi | कनिष्ठपवर्तनी | plantar aponeurosis | phalanges of fifth toe | lateral plantar artery | lateral plantar nerve (S1, S2) | flexes and abducts fifth toe | flexor digiti minimi brevis | | | abductor digiti minimi | {{:muscles:adm-1.png}} | कनिष्ठपवर्तनी | plantar aponeurosis | phalanges of fifth toe | lateral plantar artery | lateral plantar nerve (S1, S2) | flexes and abducts fifth toe | flexor digiti minimi brevis | |
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| === SECOND LAYER === | === SECOND LAYER === |
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| ^ Muscle ^ Origin ^ Insertion ^ Artery ^ Nerve ^ Action ^ Antagonist ^ | ^ Muscle ^ MANTRAKSHAR ^ Origin ^ Insertion ^ Artery ^ Nerve ^ Action ^ Antagonist ^ |
| | quadratus plantae | calcaneus | tendons of flexor digitorum longus | | lateral plantar nerve (S1, S2) | flexes distal interphalangeal joints (assists flexor digitorum longus) | | | | quadratus plantae |{{:muscles:quadratus_plantae.png}} | calcaneus | tendons of flexor digitorum longus | | lateral plantar nerve (S1, S2) | flexes distal interphalangeal joints (assists flexor digitorum longus) | | |
| | lumbricals | tendons of flexor digitorum longus | medial surface of extensor expansion of proximal phalanges of lateral four toes | lateral plantar artery, plantar arch, four plantar metatarsal arteries | lateral plantar nerve (lateral three lumbricals) and medial plantar nerve (first lumbrical) | maintain extension of digits at interphalangeal joints | | | | lumbricals |{{:muscles:lumbrical.png}} | tendons of flexor digitorum longus | medial surface of extensor expansion of proximal phalanges of lateral four toes | lateral plantar artery, plantar arch, four plantar metatarsal arteries | lateral plantar nerve (lateral three lumbricals) and medial plantar nerve (first lumbrical) | maintain extension of digits at interphalangeal joints | | |
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| === THIRD LAYER === | === THIRD LAYER === |
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| ^ Muscle ^ ^ Origin ^ Insertion ^ Artery ^ Nerve ^ Action ^ Antagonist ^ | ^ Muscle ^ MANTRAKSHAR ^ HINDI ^ Origin ^ Insertion ^ Artery ^ Nerve ^ Action ^ Antagonist ^ |
| | flexor hallucis brevis | लघु पादांगुष्ठ आकुंचनी | plantar surface of cuneiforms, plantar calcaneocuboid ligament, long plantar ligament | medial head: medial sesamoid bone of metatarsophalangeal joint, proximal phalanx of great toe | | medial plantar nerve | flexes big toe | extensor hallucis longus | | | flexor hallucis brevis |{{:muscles:fhb.png}} | लघु पादांगुष्ठ आकुंचनी | plantar surface of cuneiforms, plantar calcaneocuboid ligament, long plantar ligament | medial head: medial sesamoid bone of metatarsophalangeal joint, proximal phalanx of great toe | | medial plantar nerve | flexes big toe | extensor hallucis longus | |
| | | | | lateral head: lateral sesamoid bone of metatarsophalangeal joint, proximal phalanx of great toe | | | | | | | | | | | lateral head: lateral sesamoid bone of metatarsophalangeal joint, proximal phalanx of great toe | | | | | |
| | adductor hallucis | पादांगुष्ठाभिवर्तनी | oblique head: proximal ends of middle 3 metatarsals | lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of big toe, sesamoid | | lateral plantar nerve | adducts big toe | abductor hallucis | | | adductor hallucis |{{:muscles:adductor_hallucis.png}} | पादांगुष्ठाभिवर्तनी | oblique head: proximal ends of middle 3 metatarsals | lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of big toe, sesamoid | | lateral plantar nerve | adducts big toe | abductor hallucis | |
| | | | transverse head: metatarsophalangeal joints, ligaments of lateral 3 toes | | | | | | | | | | | transverse head: metatarsophalangeal joints, ligaments of lateral 3 toes | | | | | | |
| | flexor digiti minimi brevis | लघु कनिष्ठा आकुंचनी | fifth metatarsal bone | phalanx of fifth toe | | lateral plantar nerve (superficial branch) | extends and adducts fifth toe | abductor digiti minimi | | | flexor digiti minimi brevis |{{:muscles:fdmb-1.png}} | लघु कनिष्ठा आकुंचनी | fifth metatarsal bone | phalanx of fifth toe | | lateral plantar nerve (superficial branch) | extends and adducts fifth toe | abductor digiti minimi | |
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